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Sweetbay Magnolia

Magnolia virginiana

Magnoliaceae · broadleaf evergreen tree · native

Last updated

Data Coverage 5 of 6 dimensions
Site Data
Threats
Cultivars
Phenology
GDD Thresholds
Puget Sound

Magnolia virginiana (Magnoliaceae) is a deciduous to semi-evergreen tree native to the eastern United States from Massachusetts to Florida and west to Texas. It reaches up to 60 feet tall and 19 feet wide. The creamy white, lemon-scented flowers (5 to 8 cm wide) have a water-lily shape and appear in late spring to early summer. Dark, cucumber-like fruit pods split to reveal red seeds.

Sweetbay magnolia is one of the few magnolias that tolerates wet and even boggy soils. It prefers sun to part shade on acidic substrates (pH 5.0 to 6.9) with high moisture. In the northern part of its range it may be fully deciduous; further south it tends to be semi-evergreen to evergreen. The cultivar 'Jim Wilson' is a popular selection. It blooms on old wood. Documented diseases include bacterial blight, leaf spot, powdery mildew, root and cutting rots, and verticillium wilt; magnolia scale is also documented. Hardy in Zones 5a to 8b.

Quick Facts

Height
60 ft
Spread
19 ft
Growth Rate
Moderate
Light
Sun to Part Shade
Soil
Wet Tolerant
Water
High
Hardiness
Zone Zones 5a–8b
Bloom Time
May to June
Origin
Massachusetts to Florida and Texas, near coast

Phenological Calendar

As of April 3, 2026, Puget Sound stations range from 1070 to 1180.6 GDD₃₂. Sweetbay Magnolia typically reaches 'first bloom' at 1932 GDD₃₂, predicted around May 13.

Regional Season Tracker

GDD₃₂ accumulation across 7 Puget Sound stations · as of Apr 3, 2026
Station GDD₃₂ Current Stage Next To Go
Issaquah / East King 1,181 Pre-season 'First bloom' 751
Seattle / UW 1,171 Pre-season 'First bloom' 761
Kent / Auburn 1,111 Pre-season 'First bloom' 821
Olympia / Tumwater 1,106 Pre-season 'First bloom' 826
Bellingham / Whatcom 1,101 Pre-season 'First bloom' 831
Tacoma / Puyallup 1,075 Pre-season 'First bloom' 857
Sequim / Rain Shadow 1,070 Pre-season 'First bloom' 862
Stage GDD32 Typical Window
'First bloom' BBCH '61' NEXT 1932 '' est. May 13 (avg)
Range: 1534–1792 GDD₃₂ (6yr)

GDD = Growing Degree Days (base 32°F, Jan 1 start). Why base 32? Hover over GDD values for source details. Season tracker for Kent / Auburn as of Apr 3, 2026. Predicted dates use 16-day weather forecast through Apr 19, 2026, then climate normals.

Diseases (5)

Cultivars (1)

'Jim Wilson'