Damping-off
Several soilborne
66 host plants
Last updated
In nurseries and seed beds, damping-off kills seedlings either before they emerge from soil (preemergence damping-off) or shortly after sprouting when they suddenly collapse and wilt. Seedlings appear healthy when they're underground, but wilt dramatically once they break the soil surface. The problem is most severe in cool, wet conditions when soil moisture stays high, and it can devastate entire seed trays or nursery beds, especially in Douglas-fir and other conifer seedlings grown in cool, maritime nurseries.
Damping-off is caused by multiple soilborne fungi, most commonly Fusarium and Pythium, and it thrives in wet, poorly drained soil. Prevention depends on controlling soil conditions and pathogen contamination from the start: use properly conditioned seeds, avoid waterlogged soil, and rotate planting beds with nonsusceptible crops like small grains to reduce fungal populations. Never reuse containers without disinfecting them; if you reuse styroblocks, sanitize them with heat or approved biocides. These practices interrupt the disease cycle and protect your seedlings through their most vulnerable stage.
Quick Reference
Management
Cultural Controls
- Avoid poorly drained soil.
- Use seeds that are properly conditioned.
- Rotate planting beds with nonsusceptible hosts such as small grains to reduce fungal inoculum levels.
- Avoid legume cover crops.
- Keeping beds weed free and fallow with periodic tilling during inter-rotational seasons is even better.
- Designate separate isolation beds for growing nursery stock that arrives from other nurseries.