Annual Bugloss
Lycopsis arvensis
Washington State Classification
Class B — Control Required (Designated)
It can be a serious pest in cropland, particularly small grains.
Required control in Region 1 (all western Washington counties)
Quick Reference
Identification
Growth Habit
Annual bugloss is a leafy, annual herb that is covered in coarse hairs that have swollen bases. Plants typically reach 1 foot in height but can grow taller.
Leaves
The leaves are alternate, slender, lance-shaped and have wavy margins. Leaves are covered in coarse hairs that have swollen bases. They reduce in size going up the stem.
Flowers
The flowers are arranged in spiral, often branching clusters at the tips of stems that straighten as they mature. Flowers are funnel-formed, have 5 sky-blue petals that fuse to form a bent tube.
Fruit & Seeds
Each flower produces four nutlets, with each nutlet containing one seed.
Impact
It can be a serious pest in cropland, particularly small grains. High weed densities can reduce yields in lentils and peas.
Ecology & Spread
Habitat
Annual bugloss is found along roadsides, disturbed habitats, pastures and cultivated fields. Please click here to see a county level distribution map of annual bugloss in Washington.
Spread Mechanisms
Reproduction
Annual bugloss reproduces by seed. About 250 seeds are produced per plant. 90% of seeds buried 6 deep are viable after three years and 2% remain viable after five years.
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Control Methods
Mechanical
- Small infestations of annual bugloss are easily pulled or dug up.