Plant Profiles — Western Washington

Scientific Name	Common Name	Type	Light	Water	Size	Threats	Native
Abelia grandiflora	Glossy Abelia	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Abies alba	European Silver Fir	coniferous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	100+ ft	24	introduced
Abies amabilis	Pacific Silver Fir	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	24	native
Abies balsamea	Balsam Fir	coniferous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	24	native
Abies concolor	White Fir	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	24	native
Abies delavayi	Delavay's Fir	coniferous tree	—	—	50–100 ft	24	introduced
Abies grandis	Grand Fir	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	100+ ft	24	native
Abies koreana	Korean Fir	coniferous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	24	introduced
Abies lasiocarpa	Subalpine Fir Rocky Mountain Fir	coniferous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	24	native
Abies magnifica	California Red Fir	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	100+ ft	24	native
Abies nordmanniana	Nordmann Fir	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	24	introduced
Abies numidica	Algerian Fir	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	—	24	introduced
Abies pindrow	West Himalayan Fir	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	100+ ft	24	introduced
Abies pinsapo	Spanish Fir	coniferous tree	—	—	50–100 ft	24	introduced
Abies pinsapo subsp. marocana	Moroccan Fir	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	—	24	introduced
Abies procera	Noble Fir	coniferous tree	Part Shade	low	50–100 ft	24	native
Acanthus mollis	Bear's Breeches	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Acer buergerianum	Trident Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	—	32	introduced
Acer campestre	Hedge Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	—	32	introduced
Acer capillipes	Red Stripebark Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	32	introduced
Acer carpinifolium	Hornbeam Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	32	introduced
Acer circinatum	Vine	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	32	native
Acer coriaceifolium	Leatherleaf Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	32	introduced
Acer crataegifolium	Hawthorn	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	47	introduced
Acer davidii	David Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	32	introduced
Acer freemanii	Freeman Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	50–100 ft	32	introduced
Acer ginnala	Acer ginnala	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	32	introduced
Acer glabrum	Rocky Mountain Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	32	native
Acer glabrum var. douglasii	Douglas Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	32	native
Acer grandidentatum	Bigtooth Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	32	native
Acer griseum	Paperbark Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	32	introduced
Acer henryi	Henry's Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	32	introduced
Acer japonicum	Fullmoon Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	32	introduced
Acer macrophyllum	Bigleaf Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	32	native
Acer maximowiczianum	Nikko Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	32	introduced
Acer miyabei	Miyabe Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	50–100 ft	32	introduced
Acer monspessulanum	Montpellier Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	32	introduced
Acer negundo	Boxelder Manitoba Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	32	introduced
Acer nipponicum	Nippon Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Shade	—	50–100 ft	32	introduced
Acer oblongum	Evergreen Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	50–100 ft	32	introduced
Acer oliverianum	Oliver Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	—	—	10–25 ft	32	introduced
Acer opalus subsp. obtusatum	Bosnian Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	32	introduced
Acer palmatum	Japanese Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	32	introduced
Acer palmatum var. dissectum	Dissected Japanese Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	—	32	introduced
Acer pensylvanicum	Striped Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	low	10–25 ft	32	native
Acer pentaphyllum	Acer pentaphyllum (no common name)	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	32	introduced
Acer pictum	Painted Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	50–100 ft	32	introduced
Acer platanoides	Norway Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	32	introduced
Acer pseudoplatanus	Planetree Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	33	introduced
Acer rubrum	Red Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	high	50–100 ft	32	native
Acer rufinerve	Redvein Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	32	introduced
Acer saccharinum	Silver Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	32	native
Acer saccharum	Sugar Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	32	native
Acer sempervirens	Cretan Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	—	—	10–25 ft	32	introduced
Acer shirasawanum	Shirasawa Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	32	introduced
Acer spicatum	Mountain Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	32	native
Acer tataricum	Tatarian Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	32	introduced
Acer tataricum subsp. ginnala	Amur Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	32	introduced
Acer tegmentosum	Manchurian Stripebark Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	32	introduced
Acer triflorum	Three Flowered Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	32	introduced
Acer truncatum	Purpleblow Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	32	introduced
Acer velutinum	Velvet Maple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	32	introduced
Achillea clypeolata	Achillea clypeolata	perennial	—	—	—	—	introduced
Achillea millefolium	Common Yarrow	perennial	Full Sun	low-to-moderate	< 10 ft	—	native
Acorus gramineus	Grassy-Leaved Sweet Flag	grass grasslike	Part Shade	moderate-to-high	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Actinidia kolomikta	Kolomikta Actinidia Kolomikta Kiwi	vine groundcover	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	2	introduced
Adenium obesum	Desert Rose	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	36	introduced
Adiantum pedatum	Common Maidenhair	fern	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	native
Adiantum venustum	Evergreen Maidenhair	fern	Part Shade	—	—	—	introduced
Aesculus californica	California Buckeye	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	3	native
Aesculus chinensis	Chinese Horsechestnut	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	3	introduced
Aesculus flava	Yellow Buckeye	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	high	50–100 ft	3	native
Aesculus glabra	Ohio Buckeye	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	3	native
Aesculus glabra var. arguta	Texas Buckeye	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	3	native
Aesculus hippocastanum	Horse Chestnut	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	3	introduced
Aesculus parviflora	Bottlebrush Buckeye	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	3	native
Aesculus pavia	Red Buckeye	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	3	native
Aesculus sylvatica	Painted Buckeye	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	high	50–100 ft	3	native
Aesculus x carnea	Red Horsechestnut		—	—	—	—	introduced
Agastache	Anise Hyssop	perennial	Full Sun	moderate	—	—	introduced
Agathis australis	Kauri Tāne Mahuta	coniferous tree	Part Shade	—	100+ ft	21	introduced
Ageratum hybrid	Artist Pearl Flossflower	annual	—	—	—	2	introduced
Agrostis capillaris	Colonial Bentgrass	grass grasslike	Part Shade	moderate	100+ ft	5	introduced
Ailanthus altissima	Tree	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	1	introduced
Ajuga reptans	Ajuga	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Akebia quinata	Five-leaf Akebia Five-leaf Akobin	vine groundcover	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	—	introduced
Albizia julibrissin	Silk Tree	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	—	introduced
Alcea rosea	Hollyhock	perennial	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	4	introduced
Alchemilla mollis	Lady's Mantle	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Aleurites moluccanus	Candelnut	broadleaf evergreen tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	8	introduced
Allium	Tapertip Onion	perennial	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	22	introduced
Allium cepa	onion	bulb	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Allium cernuum	Allegheny Onion	perennial	Part Shade	low-to-moderate	< 10 ft	—	native
Allium schoenoprasum	Chives	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	native
Alnus alnobetula	Circumpolar alder group	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	25–50 ft	18	native
Alnus alnobetula subsp. crispa	American Green Alder	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	18	introduced
Alnus alnobetula subsp. sinuata	Sitka Alder	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	18	native
Alnus cordata	Italian Alder	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	high	25–50 ft	18	introduced
Alnus glutinosa	Common Alder	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	18	introduced
Alnus incana subsp. rugosa	Speckled Alder	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	high	10–25 ft	18	native
Alnus incana subsp. tenuifolia	Thinleaf Alder	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	high	25–50 ft	18	native
Alnus japonica	Japanese Alder	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	high	50–100 ft	18	introduced
Alnus rhombifolia	White Alder	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	high	50–100 ft	18	native
Alnus rubra	Red Alder	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	18	native
Alnus rubra f. pinnatisecta	Cutleaf Red Alder	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	18	native
Alnus sinuata	Sitka Alder	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	high	—	18	native
Amelanchier alnifolia	Western Serviceberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	low	25–50 ft	1	native
Amelanchier canadensis	Shadblow	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	1	native
Amelanchier fernaldii	Fernald's shadbush		—	—	—	—	native
Amelanchier grandiflora	Apple	broadleaf deciduous tree	—	moderate	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Amelanchier laevis	Allegheny Serviceberry	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	1	native
Amelanchier nantucketensis	Nantucket serviceberry		—	—	< 10 ft	—	native
Amelanchier x grandiflora	Apple Serviceberry		—	—	—	—	native
Andromeda polifolia	Bog Rosemary	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	high	< 10 ft	5	native
Anemone	Meadow Anemone or Windflower	perennial	—	—	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Anemone x hybrida	Japanese Anemone	perennial	—	—	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Aquilegia	Columbine	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	2	native
Aquilegia formosa	Crimson Columbine	perennial	—	—	< 10 ft	—	native
Araucaria araucana	Monkey Puzzle Tree	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	21	introduced
Araucaria bidwillii	Bunya Pine	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	100+ ft	21	introduced
Araucaria cunninghamii	Hoop Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	100+ ft	21	introduced
Araucaria heterophylla	Norfolk Island Pine	coniferous tree	Part Shade	—	100+ ft	21	introduced
Arbutus menziesii	Pacific Madrone	broadleaf evergreen tree	Part Shade	low	50–100 ft	14	native
Arbutus unedo	Strawberry Tree	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	49	introduced
Arctostaphylos andersonii	Santa Cruz Manzanita	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	8	native
Arctostaphylos austin	Arctostaphylos austin	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	—	8	introduced
Arctostaphylos bakeri	Baker Manzanita	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	8	native
Arctostaphylos canescens	Hoary Manzanita	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	8	native
Arctostaphylos columbiana	Hairy Manzanita	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	low	10–25 ft	8	native
Arctostaphylos confertiflora	Santa Rosa Island Manzanita	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	< 10 ft	8	introduced
Arctostaphylos densiflora	Sonoma Manzanita	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	8	native
Arctostaphylos edmundsii	Little Sur Manzanita	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	8	native
Arctostaphylos hookeri	Hooker's Manzanita	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	8	native
Arctostaphylos hookeri subsp. franciscana	Franciscan Manzanita	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	—	8	introduced
Arctostaphylos insularis	Island Manzanita	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	—	8	native
Arctostaphylos manzanita	Parry Manzanita	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	8	native
Arctostaphylos montaraensis	Montara Manzanita	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	8	native
Arctostaphylos nevadensis	Pinemat Manzanita	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	low	< 10 ft	8	native
Arctostaphylos pajaroensis	Pajaro Manzanita	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	8	native
Arctostaphylos patula	Green Manzanita Greenleaf Manzanita	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	8	native
Arctostaphylos pumila	Sandmat Manzanita	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	8	native
Arctostaphylos pungens	Ponitleaf Manzanita	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	low	< 10 ft	8	native
Arctostaphylos refugioensis	Refugio Manzanita	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	—	8	native
Arctostaphylos rudis	Shag Bark Manzanita	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	—	8	native
Arctostaphylos tomentosa	Wolly Manzanita	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	8	native
Arctostaphylos uva	Kinnikinnik Kinnikinick	vine groundcover	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	8	native
Arctostaphylos viridissima	Arctostaphylos viridissima	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	—	8	introduced
Arctostaphylos white	Arctostaphylos white	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	—	8	native
Armeria maritima	Cliff Rose	perennial	Part Shade	low	< 10 ft	—	native
Armoracia rusticana	Horseradish	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	—	3	introduced
Aronia arbutifolia	Red Chokeberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	high	10–25 ft	—	native
Aronia melanocarpa	Black Chokeberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	native
Aruncus dioicus	Bride’s-feathers	perennial	Part Shade	moderate-to-high	< 10 ft	—	native
Asarum caudatum	wild ginger	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	—	—	native
Asclepias incarnata	Swamp milkweed		—	—	< 10 ft	—	native
Asclepias tuberosa	Butterfly weed		—	—	< 10 ft	—	native
Asimina triloba	Common Pawpaw Custard Apple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	30	native
Asparagus officinalis	Asparagus	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	8	introduced
Aspidistra elatior	Bar Room Plant	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Asplenium scolopendrium	hart's tongue fern	fern	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	native
Asplenium trichomanes	Brightgreen Spleenwort	fern	Part Shade	moderate	—	—	introduced
Aster	Alpine Aster	perennial	Full Sun	moderate	—	5	native
Aster subspicatus	Douglas Aster	perennial	—	—	—	—	native
Aster x frikartii	Frikart's Aster	perennial	—	—	—	—	introduced
Astilbe chinensis	Chinese Astilbe	perennial	—	—	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Astilbe x arendsii	Astilbe	perennial	—	—	—	—	introduced
Athrotaxis laxifolia	Tasmanian Pencil Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	50–100 ft	25	introduced
Athyrium filix	Common Lady Fern	fern	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Athyrium niponicum	Black Lady Fern	fern	Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Atriplex hymenelytra	Desert Holly	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	< 10 ft	10	native
Aucuba japonica	Japanese Aucuba	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	6	introduced
Bambusa multiplex	Alphonse Karr	grass grasslike	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	2	introduced
Baptisia australis	Blue False Indigo	perennial	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	—	native
Begonia	Hardy Begonia	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	—	9	introduced
Berberis × hortensis	Mahonia media	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	—	introduced
Berberis aquifolium	Oregon Grape	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	low	< 10 ft	18	native
Berberis buxifolia	Berberis buxifolia	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Berberis darwinii	Darwin Barberry	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	5	introduced
Berberis emerald	Berberis emerald	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	5	introduced
Berberis eurybracteata	Chinese Barberry	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Berberis fremontii	Fremont Barberry	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	5	native
Berberis gladwynensis	Berberis gladwynensis	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	5	introduced
Berberis jamesiana	James Barberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	—	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Berberis julianae	Wintergreen Barberry	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	5	introduced
Berberis mentorensis	Mentor Barberry	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Berberis nervosa	Longleaf Mahonia Cascade Mahonia	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	low	< 10 ft	5	native
Berberis pinnata	California Barberry	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	15	native
Berberis pruinosa	Pruinosa Barberry	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Berberis repens	Creeping Mahonia	vine groundcover	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	5	native
Berberis replicata	Evergreen Barberry	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Berberis stenophylla	Rosemary Barberry	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	5	introduced
Berberis thunbergii	Japanese Barberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Berberis thunbergii var. atropurpurea	Purple (Red) Leafed Japanese Barberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Berberis triacanthophora	Threespine Barberry	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Berberis verruculosa	Warty Barberry	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Bergenia cordifolia	Bergenia	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Betula alleghaniensis	Yellow Birch	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	12	native
Betula davurica	Asian Black Birch	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	12	introduced
Betula glandulosa	Dwarf Birch Bog Birch	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	12	native
Betula lenta	Sweet Birch	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	42	native
Betula maximowicziana	Monarch Birch	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	12	introduced
Betula nana	Dwarf Birch	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	12	native
Betula nigra	River Birch	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	12	native
Betula occidentalis	Water Birch	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	high	25–50 ft	12	native
Betula papyrifera	Paper Birch	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	12	native
Betula pendula	European White Birch	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	12	introduced
Betula platyphylla	Asian White Birch	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	12	introduced
Betula populifolia	Gray Birch	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	low	25–50 ft	12	native
Betula pubescens	Downy Birch	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	high	50–100 ft	12	introduced
Betula utilis	Himalayan Birch	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	12	introduced
Betula utilis subsp. albosinensis	Chinese Paper Birch	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	100+ ft	12	introduced
Betula utilis subsp. jacquemontii	Whitebarked Himalayan Birch	broadleaf deciduous tree	—	—	—	12	introduced
Blechnum spicant	Deer Fern	fern	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	native
Bouteloua gracilis	Blonde Ambition Blue Grama	grass grasslike	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	—	native
Brunnera macrophylla	Heartleaf Brunnera	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Buddleia davidii	Butterfly Bush	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	6	introduced
Buddleia hemsleyana	Butterfly bush		—	—	—	—	introduced
Buddleja davidii	Butterfly Bush	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	low	10–25 ft	3	introduced
Buxus bodinieri	Bodinier's Boxwood	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	13	introduced
Buxus microphylla	Buxus microphylla	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	—	13	introduced
Buxus microphylla var. koreana	Korean Littleleaf Boxwood	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	13	introduced
Buxus sempervirens	Common Boxwood	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	13	introduced
Calamagrostis x acutiflora	Feather Reed Grass	grass grasslike	—	—	—	—	introduced
Calibrachoa hybrid	Superbells Double Twilight	annual	—	—	—	2	introduced
Callitropsis nootkatensis	Alaska Cedar	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	4	native
Calluna vulgaris	Scotch Heather	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	1	introduced
Calocedrus decurrens	Incense Cedar	coniferous tree	Part Shade	low	100+ ft	4	native
Calycanthus floridus	Carolina Allspice	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	native
Camassia leichtlinii	Camas	bulb	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	native
Camassia quamash	Common Camas	bulb	—	—	—	—	native
Camellia japonica	Japanese Camellia	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	16	introduced
Camellia sasanqua	Sasanqua Camellia	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	16	introduced
Camellia williamsii	Camellia williamsii	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	—	—	—	hybrid
Campanula	Bellflower	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	—	1	introduced
Campanula poscharskyana	Serbian Bellflower	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Carex buchananii	Curly Top Sedge	grass grasslike	Part Shade	moderate-to-high	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Carex densa	Dense Sedge	grass grasslike	—	—	—	—	native
Carex divulsa	European Gray Sedge	grass grasslike	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Carex elata	Bowles Golden Sedge	grass grasslike	Part Shade	moderate-to-high	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Carex flacca	Blue Sedge	grass grasslike	Part Shade	moderate-to-high	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Carex morrowii	Everglow Sedge	grass grasslike	Part Shade	moderate-to-high	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Carex obnupta	Slough Sedge	grass grasslike	—	—	< 10 ft	—	native
Carex oshimensis	Everest Sedge	grass grasslike	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Carex pachystachya	Chamisso Sedge	grass grasslike	—	—	< 10 ft	—	native
Carex stipata	Awl-fruited Sedge	grass grasslike	—	—	< 10 ft	—	native
Carex testacea	Orange New Zealand Sedge	grass grasslike	—	—	—	—	introduced
Carex tumulicola	Foothill Sedge	grass grasslike	—	—	< 10 ft	—	native
Carpinus betulus	European Hornbeam	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	—	introduced
Carpinus caroliniana	American Hornbeam	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	—	introduced
Carpinus japonica	Japanese Hornbeam	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	—	introduced
Castanea dentata	American Chestnut	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	5	native
Castanea mollissima	Chinese Chestnut	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	5	introduced
Castanea sativa	European Chestnut	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	50–100 ft	5	introduced
Catalpa bignonioides	Southern Catalpa	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	low	25–50 ft	1	native
Catalpa erubescens	Catalpa	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	1	introduced
Catalpa speciosa	Northern Catalpa	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	low	50–100 ft	1	native
Ceanothus centennial	Centennial Ceanothus	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Ceanothus concha	Concha Ceanothus	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Ceanothus cuneatus	Narrowleaf Buckbrush Common Buckbrush	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	5	native
Ceanothus dark	Ceanothus	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	5	introduced
Ceanothus delilianus	Ceanothus	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	5	introduced
Ceanothus gloriosus	Point Reyes Ceanothus	vine groundcover	Full Sun	—	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Ceanothus griseus var. horizontalis	Carmel Creeper Ceanothus	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	< 10 ft	5	native
Ceanothus impressus	Santa Barbara Ceanothus	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	< 10 ft	5	native
Ceanothus integerrimus	Deer Brush	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	low	10–25 ft	5	native
Ceanothus sanguineus	Redstem Ceanothus	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	high	10–25 ft	5	native
Ceanothus thyrsiflorus	Blue Blossom	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	5	native
Ceanothus velutinus	Snowbrush	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	5	native
Cedrus atlantica	Atlas Cedar	coniferous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	50–100 ft	5	introduced
Cedrus brevifolia	Cyprus Cedar	coniferous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	5	introduced
Cedrus deodara	Deodar Cedar	coniferous tree	Part Shade	low	50–100 ft	5	introduced
Cedrus libani	Cedar	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	100+ ft	10	introduced
Cedrus libani subsp. brevifolia	Cypress Cedar	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	7	introduced
Centaurea montana	Mountain Bluet or Perennial Cornflower	perennial	—	—	—	3	introduced
Cephalanthus occidentalis	Buttonbush	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	high	< 10 ft	8	introduced
Cephalotaxus harringtonia	Japanese Plum Yew	coniferous tree	Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	21	introduced
Ceratonia siliqua	Carob St. John's Bread Locust	broadleaf evergreen tree	—	—	25–50 ft	13	introduced
Cercidiphyllum japonicum	Katsura Tree	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	—	introduced
Cercis canadensis	Eastern Redbud	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	low	25–50 ft	2	native
Cercis canadensis var. alba	White Flowered Redbud	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	low	10–25 ft	2	introduced
Cercis canadensis var. mexicana	Mexican Redbud	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	low	10–25 ft	2	introduced
Cercis chinensis	Chinese Redbud	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	2	introduced
Cercis occidentalis	Western Redbud	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	2	native
Cercis siliquastrum	Judas tree	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	2	introduced
Chaenomeles speciosa	Flowering Quince	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Chamaecyparis lawsoniana	Port Orford Cedar	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	100+ ft	7	native
Chamaecyparis obtusa	Hinoki Falsecypress	coniferous tree	—	moderate	50–100 ft	3	introduced
Chamaecyparis pisifera	Sawara Falsecypress	coniferous tree	—	—	100+ ft	3	introduced
Chamaecyparis thyoides	White Cedar	coniferous tree	Part Shade	low	25–50 ft	6	native
Chilopsis linearis	Desert Willow	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	8	native
Chionanthus retusus	Chinese Fringetree	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Chionanthus virginicus	White Fringetree	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	high	10–25 ft	—	native
Choisya dewitteana	Choisya dewitteana	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	1	introduced
Choisya ternata	Mexican Orange	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	< 10 ft	1	introduced
Chrysanthemum coccineum	Chrysanthemum	perennial	—	—	—	13	introduced
Cinnamomum camphora	Camphor Tree	broadleaf evergreen tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	50–100 ft	2	introduced
Cistus ann	Cistus ann	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	2	introduced
Cistus corbariensis	White Rockrose	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	< 10 ft	2	introduced
Cistus crispatus	Cistus crispatus	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	2	introduced
Cistus dansereaui	Cistus dansereaui	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	2	introduced
Cistus doris	Cistus doris	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	2	introduced
Cistus elma	Elma Rockrose	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	< 10 ft	2	introduced
Cistus florentinus	Cistus florentinus	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	2	introduced
Cistus grayswood	Cistus grayswood	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	2	introduced
Cistus hybridus	White Rockrose	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	moderate	—	2	introduced
Cistus ladanifer	Common Gum	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	< 10 ft	2	introduced
Cistus oblongifolius	Oblongifolius Rockrose	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	< 10 ft	2	introduced
Cistus pulverulentus	Cistus pulverulentus	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	2	introduced
Cistus purpureus	Orchid Rockrose	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	< 10 ft	6	introduced
Cistus snow	Cistus snow	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	2	introduced
Cistus victor	Cistus victor	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	2	introduced
Cladrastis kentukea	American Yellowwood	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	low	25–50 ft	—	introduced
Clematis armandii	Evergreen Clematis	vine groundcover	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	2	introduced
Clematis cirrhosa var. balearica	Fern-leaved Clematis	vine groundcover	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	2	introduced
Clematis hybrid	Hybrid Clematis	vine groundcover	Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	2	introduced
Clematis montana var. rubens	Pink Anemone Clematis	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	2	introduced
Clematis tangutica	Golden Clematis	vine groundcover	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	2	introduced
Clematis terniflora	Sweet Autumn Clematis	vine groundcover	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	2	introduced
Clematis viticella	Italian Clematis	vine groundcover	—	—	10–25 ft	2	introduced
Coreopsis auriculata	Eared Coreopsis	perennial	Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Coreopsis verticillata	Threadleaf Coreopsis	perennial	Part Shade	low-to-moderate	< 10 ft	—	native
Cornus alba	Tatarian Dogwood	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	10–25 ft	15	introduced
Cornus alternifolia	Pagoda Dogwood	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	15	native
Cornus amomum	Silky Dogwood	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	high	10–25 ft	15	native
Cornus canadensis	Bunchberry	vine groundcover	Part Shade	high	< 10 ft	15	native
Cornus capitata	Evergreen Dogwood	broadleaf evergreen tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	28	introduced
Cornus controversa	Giant Dogwood	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	15	introduced
Cornus drummondii	Rough-leaved Dogwood	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	low	< 10 ft	15	native
Cornus eddies	Cornus eddies	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	moderate	—	15	introduced
Cornus elwinortonii	Cornus elwinortonii	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	15	introduced
Cornus florida	Flowering Dogwood	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	15	native
Cornus kousa	Kousa Dogwood	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	15	introduced
Cornus mas	Corneliancherry Dogwood	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	15	introduced
Cornus nuttallii	Pacific Dogwood	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	15	native
Cornus officinalis	Japanese Cornelian Dogwood Korean Cornelian Dogwood	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	—	15	introduced
Cornus porlock	Porlock Dogwood	broadleaf evergreen tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	15	introduced
Cornus racemosa	Gray Dogwood	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	15	native
Cornus rutgersensis	Cornus rutgersensis	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	15	introduced
Cornus sanguinea	Bloodtwig Dogwood	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	15	introduced
Cornus sericea	Cornus sericea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	15	introduced
Cornus sericea subsp. occidentalis	Western Dogwood	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	15	introduced
Cornus stolonifera	Redosier Dogwood	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	15	native
Cornus torreyi	Western Dogwood	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	—	15	native
Cornus venus	Venus Dogwood	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	15	introduced
Corylus americana	American Hazel	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	28	native
Corylus avellana	Common Filbert	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	28	introduced
Corylus chinensis	Chinese Hazel	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	100+ ft	19	introduced
Corylus colurna	Turkish Hazel	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	19	introduced
Corylus cornuta	Beaked Hazelnut	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	—	native
Corylus cornuta var. californica	Western Hazel	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	19	native
Corylus heterophylla	Siberian Hazelnut Asian Hazel	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	19	introduced
Cosmos atrosanguineus	Chocolate Cosmos	perennial	—	—	—	1	introduced
Cotinus coggygria	Common Smoketree Smokebush	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	2	introduced
Cotinus obovatus	American Smoketree	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	2	native
Cotoneaster apiculatus	Cranberry Cotoneaster	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	20	introduced
Cotoneaster bullatus	Hollyberry Cotoneaster	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	7	introduced
Cotoneaster congestus	Pyrenees Cotoneaster	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	—	7	introduced
Cotoneaster dammeri	Bearberry Cotoneaster	vine groundcover	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	7	introduced
Cotoneaster divaricatus	Spreading Cotoneaster	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	7	introduced
Cotoneaster franchetii	Franchet Cotoneaster	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	7	introduced
Cotoneaster horizontalis	Rockspray Cotoneaster	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	7	introduced
Cotoneaster intergerrimus	European Cotoneaster	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	7	introduced
Cotoneaster lacteus	Parney Cotoneaster	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	6	introduced
Cotoneaster lucidus	Hedge Cotoneaster	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	7	introduced
Cotoneaster microphyllus	Littleleaf Cotoneaster	vine groundcover	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	7	introduced
Cotoneaster multiflorus	Many-flowered Cotoneaster	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	7	introduced
Cotoneaster salicifolius	Willowleaf Cotoneaster	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	7	introduced
Cotoneaster simonsii	Simons Cotoneaster	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	7	introduced
Cotoneaster suecicus	Cotoneaster suecicus	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	7	introduced
Crataegus ambigua	Russian Hawthorn	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	18	introduced
Crataegus autumn	Crataegus autumn	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	18	introduced
Crataegus columbiana	Columbia Hawthorn	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	high	10–25 ft	18	native
Crataegus crus	Crataegus crus	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	high	25–50 ft	18	introduced
Crataegus douglasii	Black Hawthorn	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	high	10–25 ft	18	native
Crataegus germanica	Medlar	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	18	introduced
Crataegus laevigata	English Hawthorn	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	18	introduced
Crataegus lavallei	Lavalle Hawthorn	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	18	introduced
Crataegus monogyna	Singleseed Hawthorn	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	18	introduced
Crataegus phaenopyrum	Washington Hawthorn	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	18	native
Crataegus punctata	Dotted Hawthorn	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	high	25–50 ft	18	native
Crataegus viridis	Green Hawthorn	broadleaf deciduous tree	—	—	25–50 ft	18	native
Crocosmia	Bronze Montbretia	perennial	—	—	—	1	introduced
Crocosmia	Coppertip	perennial	Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Crocosmia × crocosmiiflora	Montbretia	perennial	Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Cryptomeria japonica	Japanese Cedar	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	4	introduced
Cupressocyparis leylandii	Green Rocket Leyland Cypress	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	100+ ft	—	introduced
Cupressus arizonica	Arizona Cypress	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	—	2	native
Cupressus bakeri	Baker Cypress	coniferous tree	—	—	—	2	native
Cupressus dupreziana	Saharan Cypress	coniferous tree	—	—	100+ ft	2	introduced
Cupressus glabra	Smooth Arizona Cypress	coniferous tree	—	—	—	2	introduced
Cupressus guadalupensis	Guadalupe Cypress	coniferous tree	—	—	—	2	introduced
Cupressus lusitanica	Mexican Cypress	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	100+ ft	2	native
Cupressus macrocarpa	Monterey Cypress	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	2	native
Cupressus sempervirens	Italian Cypress	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	2	introduced
Cyclamen	Alpine Violet	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	—	4	introduced
Cydonia oblonga	Quince	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	5	introduced
Cynara scolymus	Artichoke	perennial	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	1	introduced
Daphne × transatlantica	Transatlantic Daphne	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Daphne burkwoodii	Burkwood Daphne	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	7	introduced
Daphne caucasica	Caucasian Daphne	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	7	introduced
Daphne cneorum	Garland Daphne	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	30	introduced
Daphne genkwa	Lilac Daphne	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	19	introduced
Daphne laureola	Spurge Laurel	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	10	introduced
Daphne lawrence	Daphne	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	7	introduced
Daphne mezereum	February Daphne	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	7	introduced
Daphne odora	Fragrant Daphne	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	7	introduced
Daphniphyllum macropodium	False Daphne	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	3	introduced
Delphinium	Larkspur	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	—	9	introduced
Dermatophyllum secundiflorum	Mescal Bean Texas Mountain Laurel	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	—	—	15	native
Deschampsia cespitosa	Tufted Hair Grass	grass grasslike	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Deutzia gracilis	Slender Deutzia	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Deutzia kalmiiflora	Kalmia Flowered Deutzia	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	7	introduced
Dianthus	Sweet William	perennial	—	—	—	7	introduced
Dicentra formosa	Western Bleeding Heart	perennial	—	—	< 10 ft	—	native
Dicentra spectabilis	Asian Bleeding Heart	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Digitalis purpurea	Common Foxglove	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	3	introduced
Diospyros kaki	Japanese Persimmon	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	—	introduced
Disanthus cercidifolius	Redbud	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	2	introduced
Distylium	Distylium	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Drimys lanceolata	Mountain Pepper	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Dryopteris erythrosora	Autumn Fern	fern	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Dryopteris expansa	Spreading Wood Fern	fern	—	—	< 10 ft	—	native
Dryopteris lepidopoda	Dryopteris lepidopoda	fern	—	—	—	—	introduced
Echinacea	Coneflower	perennial	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	4	introduced
Echinacea purpurea	Coneflower	perennial	Part Shade	low-to-moderate	< 10 ft	—	native
Eleocharis palustris	Common Spike-rush	grass grasslike	Part Shade	high	< 10 ft	—	native
Enkianthus campanulatus	Redvein Enkianthus	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Enkianthus perulatus	White enkianthus		—	—	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Epimedium × perralchicum	Epimedium perralchicum	perennial	—	—	—	—	introduced
Epimedium × rubrum	Red Barrenwort	perennial	Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Epimedium × sulphureum	Sulphur Barrenwort	perennial	—	—	—	—	introduced
Epimedium grandiflorum	Bishop's Hat	perennial	Part Shade	low-to-moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Equisetum hyemale	Horsetail Reed	fern	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	native
Erica carnea	Spring Heath Winter Heath	vine groundcover	Full Sun	—	—	—	introduced
Erica darleyensis	Darley Heath	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Erigeron glaucus	Seaside Daisy	perennial	—	—	—	—	native
Eriophyllum lanatum	Woolly Sunflower	perennial	—	—	< 10 ft	—	native
Escallonia	Escallonia	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Escallonia × exoniensis	Escallonia	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Eucalyptus cinerea	Silver Dollar Eucalyptus	broadleaf evergreen tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	30	introduced
Euonymus alatus	Euonymus alatus	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	7	introduced
Euonymus americanus	American Euonymus	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	high	< 10 ft	19	native
Euonymus atropurpureus	Eastern Wahoo	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	7	native
Euonymus europaeus	Common Spindle Tree	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	7	introduced
Euonymus fortunei	Wintercreeper Euonymus	vine groundcover	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	7	introduced
Euonymus japonicus	Japanese Spindle	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	7	introduced
Euonymus kiautschovicus	Euonymus kiautschovicus	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	—	7	introduced
Euphorbia	Wood Spurge	perennial	Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	12	introduced
Euphorbia × martinii	Martin's Spurge	perennial	—	—	—	—	introduced
Euphorbia amygdaloides	Wood Spurge	perennial	Part Shade	low-to-moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Euphorbia characias	Albanian Spurge	perennial	Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Eutrochium fistulosum	Hollow Joe pye weed		—	—	< 10 ft	—	native
Fagus grandifolia	American Beech	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	3	native
Fagus sylvatica	European Beech	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	3	introduced
Fagus sylvatica f. pendula	Weeping European Beech	broadleaf deciduous tree	—	—	50–100 ft	3	introduced
Fargesia rufa	Green Panda Bamboo	grass grasslike	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Fatsia japonica	Japanese Fatsia	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Shade	—	< 10 ft	1	introduced
Festuca arundinacea	Turf-type Tall Fescue	grass grasslike	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	5	introduced
Festuca brevipila	Hard Fescue	grass grasslike	Part Shade	low	10–25 ft	3	introduced
Festuca glauca	Blue Fescue	grass grasslike	Part Shade	low-to-moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Festuca idahoensis	Idaho Fescue	grass grasslike	—	—	—	—	native
Festuca ovina	Sheep's Fescue	grass grasslike	—	—	—	—	introduced
Festuca roemeri	Roemer's Fescue	grass grasslike	—	—	—	—	native
Festuca rubra	Fine Fescue (Red Fescue / Chewings Fescue)	grass grasslike	Part Shade	low	10–25 ft	4	native
Ficus carica	Common Fig	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	4	introduced
Ficus macrophylla	Moreton Bay Fig	broadleaf evergreen tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	5	introduced
Forsythia ×intermedia	Showy Forsythia	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Forsythia viridissima	Greenstem Forsythia	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	4	introduced
Forsythia x intermedia	Northern Lights Forsythia		—	—	—	—	introduced
Fothergilla gardenii	Dwarf Fothergilla	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	high	< 10 ft	1	native
Fothergilla major	Large Fothergilla Mountain Witchalder	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	1	native
Fragaria \u00d7 ananassa	garden strawberry	perennial	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	4	introduced
Fragaria chiloensis	Beach Strawberry Sand Strawberry	vine groundcover	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	29	native
Fragaria vesca	Wild Strawberry	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	—	native
Fragaria virginiana	Virginia Strawberry	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	11	native
Frangula alnus	Alder	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	1	introduced
Frangula californica	Coffeeberry California Coffeeberry California Buckthorn	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	1	native
Frangula purshiana	Cascara Cascara Buckthorn	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	1	native
Fraxinus americana	White Ash	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	17	native
Fraxinus angustifolia	Narrow-leaved Ash	broadleaf deciduous tree	—	—	50–100 ft	1	introduced
Fraxinus anomala	Singleleaf Ash	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	—	—	17	native
Fraxinus excelsior	Euopean Ash	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	17	introduced
Fraxinus latifolia	Oregon Ash	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	17	native
Fraxinus ornus	Flowering Ash	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	17	introduced
Fraxinus oxycarpa	Fraxinus oxycarpa	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	moderate	—	17	introduced
Fraxinus pennsylvanica	Green Ash	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	17	native
Fraxinus quadrangulata	Blue Ash	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	17	native
Fraxinus sieboldiana	Siebold Ash	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	17	introduced
Fritillaria affinis	Chocolate Lily	bulb	—	—	—	—	native
Fritillaria lanceolata	Chocolate Lily	perennial	—	—	—	1	native
Fuchsia magellanica	Magellan Fuchsia	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	10	introduced
Galium odoratum	Sweet Woodruff	perennial	Shade	moderate	—	1	introduced
Gardenia jasminoides	Cape Jasmine	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Garrya elliptica	Wavyleaf Silktassel	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	native
Gaultheria miqueliana	Miquel's Spicywintergreen Miquel's Wintergreen	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	2	introduced
Gaultheria mucronata	Chilean Pernettya	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	2	introduced
Gaultheria procumbens	Wintergreen	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	low	< 10 ft	2	native
Gaultheria shallon	Salal	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	2	native
Gaultheria tetramera	Si lie bai zhu (Chinese)	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	—	2	introduced
Gaura lindheimeri	Lindheimer's Beeblossom	perennial	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Geranium	Cranesbill	perennial	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Geranium × cantabrigiense	Cambridge Cranesbill	perennial	—	—	—	—	introduced
Geranium macrorrhizum	Bigroot Geranium	perennial	Part Shade	low-to-moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Geum	Chilean Avens	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	2	introduced
Geum chiloense	Scarlet Avens	perennial	—	—	—	—	introduced
Ginkgo biloba	Ginkgo Maidenhair Tree	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	—	introduced
Gleditsia macracantha	Large Spined Honeylocust	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	—	4	introduced
Gleditsia triacanthos	Honeylocust	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	4	native
Gleditsia triacanthos var. inermis	Thornless Honeylocust	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	4	native
Glyptostrobus pensilis	Chinese Swamp Cypress	coniferous tree	Part Shade	high	—	21	introduced
Grevillea aquifolium	Holly	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	17	introduced
Gunnera tinctoria	Giant Rhubarb	perennial	Part Shade	moderate-to-high	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Gymnocladus dioicus	Kentucky Coffeetree	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	—	native
Hakonechloa macra	Japanese Forest Grass	grass grasslike	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Halesia carolina	Carolina Silverbell Mountain Silverbell	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	—	native
Hamamelis ×intermedia	Hybrid Witch Hazel	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	1	introduced
Hamamelis vernalis	Vernal Witchhazel	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	1	native
Hamamelis virginiana	Common Witchhazel	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	1	native
Hebe buxifolia	Hebe buxifolia	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Hebe emerald	Hebe	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	3	introduced
Hedera canariensis	Canary Island Ivy	vine groundcover	Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	6	introduced
Hedera helix	English Ivy	vine groundcover	Sun–Part Shade	high	25–50 ft	6	introduced
Helianthus	Suncredible Saturn Sunflower	perennial	—	—	—	5	introduced
Helictotrichon sempervirens	Blue Oat Grass	grass grasslike	Full Sun	low-to-moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Helleborus	Hellebore	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	—	3	introduced
Helleborus × hybridus	Hybrid Lenten Rose	perennial	—	—	—	—	introduced
Helleborus orientalis	Lenten Rose	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Hemerocallis	Daylily	perennial	—	moderate	—	3	introduced
Hemerocallis hybrid	Daylily	perennial	—	—	—	—	introduced
Heptacodium miconioides	Seven Sons Flower	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Heteromeles arbutifolia	Toyon Christmasberry California Holly	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	10	native
Heuchera hybrid	Coral Bells	perennial	—	—	—	—	native
Heuchera micrantha	Coral Bells	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	native
Hibiscus moscheutos	Crimsoneyed rosemallow		—	—	< 10 ft	—	native
Hibiscus syriacus	Rose	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	34	introduced
Holodiscus discolor	Oceanspray Creambush	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	high	10–25 ft	1	native
Holodiscus dumosus	Mountain Spray	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	low	10–25 ft	1	native
Holodiscus microphyllus	Small-leaved Creambush	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	1	native
Hosta 'Patriot'	Patriot Hosta	herbaceous perennial	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	5	cultivar
Hydrangea anomala	Climbing Hydrangea	vine groundcover	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	—	introduced
Hydrangea anomala var. petiolaris	Climbing Hydrangea	vine groundcover	Sun–Part Shade	—	50–100 ft	14	introduced
Hydrangea arborescens	Hydrangea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	14	introduced
Hydrangea macrophylla	Bigleaf Hydrangea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	14	introduced
Hydrangea paniculata	Panicle Hydrangea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	high	10–25 ft	14	introduced
Hydrangea quercifolia	Oakleaf Hydrangea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	14	native
Hydrangea serrata	Blood-on-the-Snow	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Hypericum androsaemum	Tutsan	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	—	2	introduced
Hypericum calycinum	Creeping St. John's Wort Aaron's Beard	vine groundcover	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	2	introduced
Hypericum hidcote	Hidcote Hypericum	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	2	introduced
Hypericum kouytchense	Kouytchense Hypericum	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	2	introduced
Iberis sempervirens	Evergreen Candytuft	vine groundcover	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	1	introduced
Ilex aquifolium	English Holly	broadleaf evergreen tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	19	introduced
Ilex attenuata	Ilex attenuata	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	19	introduced
Ilex cornuta	Chinese Holly	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	19	introduced
Ilex crenata	Japanese Holly	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	20	introduced
Ilex glabra	Inkberry Inkberry Holly	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	high	< 10 ft	19	native
Ilex latifolia	Lusterleaf Holly	broadleaf evergreen tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	19	introduced
Ilex meserveae	Meserve Hybrid Holly	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	19	introduced
Ilex opaca	American Holly		—	—	25–50 ft	—	native
Ilex paraguariensis	Yerba Matá	broadleaf evergreen tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	19	introduced
Ilex verticillata	Winterberrry Winterberry Holly	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	high	10–25 ft	19	native
Imperata cylindrica	Cogongrass	grass grasslike	Part Shade	low-to-moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Iris pseudacorus	Yellow flag iris		—	—	< 10 ft	—	naturalized
Itea virginica	Sweetspire	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	high	< 10 ft	—	native
Jasminum mesnyi	Primrose Jasmine Yunnan Yellow Jasmine	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	6	introduced
Juglans ailantifolia	Japanese Walnut	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	50–100 ft	16	introduced
Juglans californica	California Walnut	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	16	native
Juglans cinerea	Butternut	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	16	native
Juglans microcarpa	Texas Walnut	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	16	native
Juglans nigra	Black Walnut	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	16	native
Juglans regia	English Walnut	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	16	introduced
Juncus effusus	Common Rush	grass grasslike	Full Sun	high	< 10 ft	—	native
Juncus ensifolius	Daggerleaf Rush	grass grasslike	Part Shade	high	< 10 ft	—	native
Juniperus californica	California Juniper	coniferous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	23	native
Juniperus cedrus	Canary Island Juniper	coniferous tree	Part Shade	—	50–100 ft	21	introduced
Juniperus chinensis	Chinese Juniper	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	21	introduced
Juniperus communis	Common Juniper	coniferous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	21	native
Juniperus conferta	Juniperus conferta	coniferous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	21	introduced
Juniperus deppeana	Alligator Juniper	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	21	native
Juniperus formosana	Formosan Juniper	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	21	introduced
Juniperus grey	Juniperus grey	coniferous shrub	—	—	—	21	introduced
Juniperus horizontalis	Creeping Juniper	coniferous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	21	native
Juniperus monosperma	Oneseed Juniper	coniferous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	—	21	native
Juniperus occidentalis	Western Juniper	coniferous tree	Full Sun	low	25–50 ft	21	native
Juniperus osteosperma	Utah Juniper	coniferous tree	Full Sun	low	25–50 ft	21	native
Juniperus pingii	Ping Juniper	coniferous tree	—	—	10–25 ft	21	introduced
Juniperus procumbens	Japanese Garden Juniper	coniferous shrub	Full Sun	—	< 10 ft	21	introduced
Juniperus rigida	Temple Juniper	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	21	introduced
Juniperus rigida subsp. conferta	Shore Juniper	coniferous shrub	Full Sun	—	< 10 ft	21	introduced
Juniperus sabina	Savin Juniper	coniferous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	21	introduced
Juniperus scopulorum	Rocky Mountain Juniper	coniferous tree	Full Sun	low	25–50 ft	21	native
Juniperus squamata	Singleseed Juniper	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	21	introduced
Juniperus virginiana	Eastern Redcedar Pencil Cedar	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	23	native
Kalmia latifolia	Mountain Laurel	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	low	< 10 ft	2	native
Kalmia polifolia	Bog Laurel	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	2	native
Kerria japonica	Japanese Kerria Japanese Rose	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	24	introduced
Koelreuteria paniculata	Golden Raintree	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	—	introduced
Kolkwitzia amabilis	Beautybush	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Laburnum watereri	Goldenchain Tree	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	5	introduced
Lagerstroemia acoma	Acoma Crape Myrtle	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	1	introduced
Lagerstroemia chekiangensis	Crape Myrtle	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	1	introduced
Lagerstroemia fauriei	Lagerstroemia fauriei	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	1	introduced
Lagerstroemia floribunda	Asian Crape Myrtle	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	50–100 ft	1	introduced
Lagerstroemia hybrid	Hybrid Crape Myrtle	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	—	1	introduced
Lagerstroemia indica	Common Crape Myrtle	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	low	10–25 ft	1	introduced
Lagerstroemia subcostata var. fauriei	Japanese Crape Myrtle	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	1	introduced
Lagerstroemia x Natchez	Crape myrtle Natchez	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	—	introduced
Lagerstroemia zuni	Zuni Crape Myrtle	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	1	introduced
Lamium purpureum	Purple deadnettle		—	—	—	—	naturalized
Larix decidua	European Larch	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	5	introduced
Larix gmelinii	Dahurian Larch	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	5	introduced
Larix kaempferi	Japanese Larch	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	5	introduced
Larix laricina	Tamarack	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	5	native
Larix occidentalis	Western Larch	coniferous tree	Full Sun	low	100+ ft	5	native
Larix russica	Siberian Larch	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	50–100 ft	5	introduced
Laurus nobilis	Bay Laurel	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	2	introduced
Leucanthemum vulgare	Oxeye daisy	perennial	Sun–Part Shade	low	< 10 ft	4	introduced
Leucothoe axillaris	Coast Leucothoen Coastal Doghobble Fetter Bush	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	low	< 10 ft	1	introduced
Leucothoe davisiae	Western Leucothoe	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	3	native
Leucothoe fontanesiana	Drooping Leucothoe	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	1	native
Leucothoe grayana	Hana-hirinoki (Japan)	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	1	introduced
Leucothoe racemosa	Sweetbells Leucothoe	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	1	native
Ligustrum japonicum	Japanese Privet	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	low	< 10 ft	4	introduced
Ligustrum ovalifolium	Ligustrum ovalifolium	broadleaf evergreen tree	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	4	introduced
Ligustrum sinense	Chinese Privet	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	4	introduced
Lindera benzoin	Spicebush	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	—	native
Liquidambar formosana	Formosan Sweetgum	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	1	introduced
Liquidambar orientalis	Oriental Sweetgum	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	1	introduced
Liquidambar styraciflua	Sweetgum	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	1	native
Liriodendron chinense	Chinese Tuliptree	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	50–100 ft	3	introduced
Liriodendron tulipifera	Tuliptree	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	100+ ft	3	native
Lithocarpus densiflorus	Tanoak Tanbark-oak	broadleaf evergreen tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	2	native
Lolium perenne	Turf-type Perennial Ryegrass	grass grasslike	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	7	introduced
Lonicera ciliosa	Western Trumpet Honeysuckle	vine groundcover	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	4	native
Lonicera fragrantissima	Winter Honeysuckle	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	4	introduced
Lonicera hispidula	Pink Honeysuckle Hairy Honeysuckle	vine groundcover	Shade	—	—	4	native
Lonicera involucrata	Twinberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	4	native
Lonicera japonica	Japanese Honeysuckle	vine groundcover	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	4	introduced
Lonicera maackii	Amur Honeysuckle	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Shade	—	10–25 ft	4	introduced
Lonicera nitida	Box Honeysuckle	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	4	introduced
Lonicera pileata	Privet	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	8	introduced
Lonicera tatarica	Tatarian Honeysuckle	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	10–25 ft	4	introduced
Magnolia acuminata	Cucumber Magnolia	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	high	50–100 ft	29	native
Magnolia black	Magnolia	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	5	introduced
Magnolia butterflies	Butterflies Magnolia	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	5	introduced
Magnolia caerhays	Magnolia	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	5	introduced
Magnolia campbellii	Campbell's Magnolia	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	50–100 ft	5	introduced
Magnolia denudata	Yulan Magnolia	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	5	introduced
Magnolia elizabeth	Elizabeth Magnolia	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	5	introduced
Magnolia ernestii	Yellow Lily	broadleaf evergreen tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	50–100 ft	5	introduced
Magnolia galaxy	Galaxy Magnolia	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	5	introduced
Magnolia grandiflora	Southern Magnolia	broadleaf evergreen tree	Part Shade	high	50–100 ft	5	native
Magnolia insignis	Red Lotus Tree	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	5	introduced
Magnolia kobus	Kobus Magnolia	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	5	introduced
Magnolia liliiflora	Lily Magnolia	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	17	introduced
Magnolia loebneri	Loebner Magnolia	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	5	introduced
Magnolia lotungensis	Eastern Joy Lotus Tree	broadleaf evergreen tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	50–100 ft	5	introduced
Magnolia macrophylla	Bigleaf Magnolia	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	5	native
Magnolia randy	Randy Magnolia	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	5	introduced
Magnolia salicifolia	Willowleaf Magnolia	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	100+ ft	5	introduced
Magnolia sargentiana	Sargent's Magnolia	broadleaf deciduous tree	—	—	25–50 ft	5	introduced
Magnolia sieboldii	Siebold Magnolia	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	5	introduced
Magnolia soulangiana	Saucer Magnolia	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	5	introduced
Magnolia star	Magnolia	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	5	introduced
Magnolia stellata	Star Magnolia	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	5	introduced
Magnolia sunsation	Sunsation Magnolia	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	5	introduced
Magnolia tripetala	Umbrella Magnolia Umbrella Tree	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	5	native
Magnolia virginiana	Sweetbay Magnolia	broadleaf evergreen tree	Part Shade	high	50–100 ft	5	native
Magnolia x soulangeana	Saucer Magnolia		—	—	—	—	introduced
Malus 'Adirondack'	Adirondack Crabapple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	4	introduced
Malus 'Coralcole'	Coralburst Crabapple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	4	introduced
Malus 'Donald Wyman'	Donald Wyman Crabapple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	4	introduced
Malus 'Indian Magic'	Indian Magic Crabapple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	55	introduced
Malus 'Spring Snow'	Spring Snow Crabapple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	2	introduced
Malus atrosanguinea	Carmine Crabapple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	55	introduced
Malus brandywine	Brandywine Crabapple	broadleaf deciduous tree	—	—	10–25 ft	55	introduced
Malus domestica	Apple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	4	introduced
Malus floribunda	Japanese Flowering Crabapple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	55	introduced
Malus fusca	Pacific Crabapple	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	high	25–50 ft	55	native
Malus hupehensis	Tea Crabapple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	55	introduced
Malus prairifire	Prairifire Crabapple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	null	10–25 ft	55	introduced
Malus pumila	Apple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	71	introduced
Malus robusta	Cherry	broadleaf deciduous tree	—	—	25–50 ft	75	introduced
Malus sargentii	Sargent Crabapple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	57	introduced
Malus snowdrift	Snowdrift Crabapple	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	55	introduced
Malus transitoria	Transitoria Crabapple	broadleaf deciduous tree	—	—	10–25 ft	55	introduced
Menziesia ciliicalyx var. multiflora	Mock Azalea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	—	—	16	introduced
Menziesia ferruginea	Rusty Menziesia	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	16	native
Metasequoia glyptostroboides	Dawn Redwood	coniferous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	—	introduced
Microbiota decussata	Russian Arborvitae	vine groundcover	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	13	introduced
Microcachrys tetragona	Creeping Pine	coniferous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	—	33	introduced
Molinia caerulea	Purple Moor Grass	grass grasslike	Part Shade	moderate-to-high	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Monarda spp	Beebalm		—	—	—	—	native
Morella californica	Pacific Waxmyrtle California Waxmyrtle California Bayberry	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	1	native
Morella pensylvanica	Northern Bayberry Candleberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	1	native
Morella rubra	Red Bayberry Chinese Bayberry Japanese Bayberry	broadleaf evergreen tree	Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	1	introduced
Morus alba	White Mulberry	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	low	25–50 ft	1	introduced
Musa basjoo	Basjoo Banana Tree	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Myrica californica	Pacific Waxmyrtle	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	—	—	native
Myrica gale	Sweetgale	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	native
Nandina domestica	Heavenly Bamboo Sacred Bamboo	evergreen shrub	Part Shade	high	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Notholithocarpus densiflorus	Tanoak Tanbark-oak	broadleaf evergreen tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	2	native
Notholithocarpus densiflorus var. echinoides	Shrub	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	2	native
Nyssa sylvatica	Sour Gum Black Gum Black Tupelo	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	—	native
Ocimum basilicum	sweet basil	annual	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	3	introduced
Oemleria cerasiformis	Indian Plum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	—	native
Olea europaea	Common olive	broadleaf evergreen tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	1	introduced
Olearia macrodonta	Daisy	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	10	introduced
Ophiopogon planiscapus	Black Mondo Grass	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Osmanthus burkwoodii	Burkwood Osmanthus	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Osmanthus delavayi	Delavay Osmanthus Delavay Tea Olive	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Osmanthus fortunei	Fortune's Osmanthus	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Osmanthus heterophyllus	Holly Osmanthus Holly-leaf Osmanthus	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	10	introduced
Ostrya virginiana	Ironwood	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	low	25–50 ft	—	native
Oxalis oregana	Oregon Oxalis Redwood	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	—	2	native
Pachysandra procumbens	Allegheny Pachysandra	vine groundcover	Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	2	native
Pachysandra terminalis	Pachysandra Japanese Spurge	vine groundcover	Part Shade	high	< 10 ft	2	introduced
Paeonia lutea subsp. ludlowii	Tibetan Peony Ludlow's Tree	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	7	introduced
Paeonia suffruticosa	Tree	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	7	introduced
Parrotia persica	Persian Ironwood	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	—	introduced
Parthenocissus quinquefolia	Virginia Creeper Woodbine	vine groundcover	Part Shade	low	< 10 ft	4	native
Parthenocissus tricuspidata	Boston Ivy	vine groundcover	Part Shade	high	25–50 ft	4	introduced
Passiflora caerulea	Passion Flower Blue Passion Flower Blue Crown Passion Flower	vine groundcover	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	—	introduced
Paxistima myrsinites	Oregon Boxwood	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	—	—	7	native
Petroselinum crispum	parsley	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	4	introduced
Philadelphus buckleys	Philadelphus buckleys	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	1	introduced
Philadelphus coronarius	Sweet Mockorange		—	—	—	—	introduced
Philadelphus lewisii	Lewis' Mock Orange	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	low	10–25 ft	1	native
Philadelphus snowdwarf	Snowdwarf Mockorange	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	1	introduced
Philadelphus virginalis	Virginal Mockorange	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	1	introduced
Photinia ×fraseri	Red Tip Photinia	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	12	introduced
Photinia davidiana	Chinese Stranvaesia	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	12	introduced
Photinia davidiana var. undulata	Wavy-leafed Chinese Stranvaesia	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	12	introduced
Photinia glabra	Japanese Photinia	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	—	12	introduced
Photinia serratifolia	Chinese Photinia Taiwanese Photinia	broadleaf evergreen tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	—	12	introduced
Photinia villosa	Oriental Photinia	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	12	introduced
Physocarpus capitatus	Western Ninebark Pacific Ninebark	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	low	10–25 ft	1	native
Physocarpus malvaceus	Mallow Ninebark	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	low	< 10 ft	1	native
Physocarpus opulifolius	Common Ninebark	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	1	native
Picea abies	Norway Spruce	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	31	introduced
Picea abies var. pendula	Weeping Norway Spruce	coniferous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	31	introduced
Picea asperata	Dragon Spruce	coniferous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	31	introduced
Picea breweriana	Brewer Spruce	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	31	native
Picea engelmannii	Engelmann Spruce	coniferous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	31	native
Picea gemmata	Szechwan Spruce	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	100+ ft	31	introduced
Picea glauca	White Spruce	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	31	native
Picea koyamae	Koyama's Spruce	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	50–100 ft	31	introduced
Picea mariana	Black Spruce	coniferous tree	Part Shade	high	25–50 ft	31	native
Picea omorika	Serbian Spruce	coniferous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	31	introduced
Picea orientalis	Caucasian Spruce	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	31	introduced
Picea pungens	Colorado Spruce	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	31	native
Picea pungens var. glauca	Colorado Blue Spruce	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	31	native
Picea rubens	Red Spruce	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	31	native
Picea sitchensis	Sitka Spruce	coniferous tree	Part Shade	high	100+ ft	31	native
Picea wilsonii	Wilson's Spruce	coniferous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	50–100 ft	31	introduced
Pieris floribunda	Mountain pieris		—	—	—	—	native
Pieris formosa var. forrestii	Chinese Pieris	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	7	introduced
Pieris japonica	Japanese Pieris	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	4	introduced
Pinus albicaulis	Whitebark Pine	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	47	native
Pinus aristata	Bristlecone Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	low	100+ ft	47	native
Pinus attenuata	Knobcone Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	47	native
Pinus banksiana	Jack Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	low	25–50 ft	47	native
Pinus bungeana	Lacebark Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	47	introduced
Pinus canariensis	Canary Island Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	47	introduced
Pinus cembra	Swiss Stone Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	47	introduced
Pinus contorta	Lodgepole Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	low	50–100 ft	47	native
Pinus contorta var. contorta	Shore Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	47	native
Pinus contorta var. latifolia	Rocky Mountain Lodgepole Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	100+ ft	47	native
Pinus coulteri	Coulter Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	47	native
Pinus densiflora	Japanese Red Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	100+ ft	47	introduced
Pinus edulis	Pinyon Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	low	25–50 ft	47	native
Pinus elliottii	Slash Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	47	native
Pinus flexilis	Limber Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	low	25–50 ft	47	native
Pinus halepensis	Aleppo Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	47	introduced
Pinus heldreichii	Bosnian Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	50–100 ft	47	introduced
Pinus jeffreyi	Jeffrey Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	100+ ft	47	native
Pinus kwangtungensis	Kwangtung Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	47	introduced
Pinus lambertiana	Sugar Pine	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	100+ ft	47	native
Pinus leucodermis	Bosnian Pine	coniferous tree	—	—	—	47	introduced
Pinus monophylla	Singleleaf Pinon Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	low	25–50 ft	47	native
Pinus monticola	Western White Pine	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	47	native
Pinus mugo	Mugo Pine	coniferous shrub	Full Sun	low	< 10 ft	47	introduced
Pinus mugo var. pumilio	Mugo pine	coniferous shrub	Full Sun	low	< 10 ft	47	introduced
Pinus nigra	Austrian Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	100+ ft	47	introduced
Pinus parviflora	Japanese White Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	47	introduced
Pinus parvifola	Pinus parvifola	coniferous tree	—	—	—	47	introduced
Pinus pinaster	Maritime Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	47	introduced
Pinus pinea	Italian Stone Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	47	introduced
Pinus ponderosa	Ponderosa Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	47	native
Pinus pumila	Japanese Stone Pine	coniferous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	47	introduced
Pinus radiata	Monterey Pine	coniferous tree	Part Shade	high	50–100 ft	47	native
Pinus resinosa	Red Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	low	25–50 ft	47	native
Pinus sabiniana	Gray Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	low	50–100 ft	47	native
Pinus strobiformis	Southwestern White Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	—	47	native
Pinus strobus	Eastern White Pine	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	47	native
Pinus sylvestris	Scots Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	47	introduced
Pinus thunbergii	Japanese Black Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	47	introduced
Pinus virginiana	Virginia Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	low	25–50 ft	47	native
Pinus wallichiana	Himalayan Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	47	introduced
Pinus yunnanensis	Yunnan Pine	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	47	introduced
Pittosporum tobira	Japanese Mock Orange Mock Orange Tobira Japanese Pittosporum	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Platanus acerifolia	London Planetree	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	50–100 ft	6	introduced
Platanus mexicana	Mexican Sycamore	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	—	6	native
Platanus occidentalis	American Sycamore	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	high	50–100 ft	6	native
Platanus racemosa	California Sycamore	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	6	native
Platycladus orientalis	Chinese Arborvitae	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	12	introduced
Poa pratensis	Kentucky Bluegrass	grass grasslike	Full Sun	high	10–25 ft	9	introduced
Podophyllum peltatum	Mayapple		—	—	< 10 ft	—	native
Polystichum munitum	Swordfern Western Swordfern	fern	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	2	native
Polystichum polyblepharum	Japanese tassel fern	fern	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Polystichum setiferum	Hedge Fern	fern	Part Shade	low-to-moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Populus alba	White Poplar European White Poplar	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	32	introduced
Populus angustifolia	Narrowleaf Cottonwood	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	32	native
Populus balsamifera	Balsam Poplar	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	high	100+ ft	32	native
Populus canescens	Gray Poplar	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	50–100 ft	32	introduced
Populus deltoides	Eastern Cottonwood	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	32	native
Populus fremontii	Fremont Cottonwood	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	32	native
Populus grandidentata	Bigtooth Aspen	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	32	native
Populus nigra	Black Poplar	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	32	introduced
Populus tremula	European Aspen European Trembling Aspen European Quaking Aspen	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	high	50–100 ft	32	introduced
Populus tremuloides	Quaking Aspen	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	32	native
Populus trichocarpa	Black Cottonwood	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	high	100+ ft	32	native
Potentilla fruticosa	Shrubby Cinquefoil	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Primula veris	Cowslip Primrose	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Prunus americana	Wild Plum American (Red) Plum August Plum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	93	native
Prunus armeniaca	Apricot	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	93	introduced
Prunus avium	Sweet Cherry	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	93	introduced
Prunus besseyi	Sand Cherry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	93	native
Prunus blireiana	Blireiana Plum	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	93	introduced
Prunus caroliniana	Carolina Cherrylaurel American Cherrylaurel	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	93	native
Prunus cascade	Prunus cascade	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	93	introduced
Prunus cerasifera	Cherry	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	104	introduced
Prunus cistena	Purpleleaf Sandcherry Redleaf Sandcherry Cistena Sandcherry Cistena Plum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	93	introduced
Prunus dream	Prunus dream	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	93	introduced
Prunus emarginata	Bitter Cherry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	93	native
Prunus first	Prunus first	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	93	introduced
Prunus fruticosa	Steppe Cherry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	93	introduced
Prunus glandulosa	Dwarf Flowering Almond	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	93	introduced
Prunus ilicifolia	Hollyleaf Cherry	broadleaf evergreen tree	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	93	native
Prunus laurocerasus	Cherry	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	96	introduced
Prunus lusitanica	Portugal Laurel	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	94	introduced
Prunus maackii	Amur Chokecherry Amur Cherry	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	93	introduced
Prunus mume	Japanese Apricotc Japanese Flowering Apricot Japanese Flowering Plum	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	94	introduced
Prunus newport	Newport Flowering Plum	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	93	introduced
Prunus okame	Okame Flowering Cherry	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	93	introduced
Prunus padus	European Birdcherry Common Birdcherry	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	93	introduced
Prunus prostrata	Rock Cherry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	93	introduced
Prunus sargentii	Sargent Cherry	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	93	introduced
Prunus serotina	Black Cherry	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	93	native
Prunus serrula	Birchbark Cherry	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	93	introduced
Prunus serrulata	Japanese Flowering Cherry	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	93	introduced
Prunus snow	Prunus snow	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	93	introduced
Prunus subcordata	Klamath Plum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	93	native
Prunus subhirtella	Higan Cherry	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	93	introduced
Prunus subhirtella var. autumnalis	Autumn Flowering Higan Cherry	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	93	introduced
Prunus tai	Prunus tai	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	93	introduced
Prunus tomentosa	Manchu Cherry		—	—	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Prunus virginiana	Prunus virginiana	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	—	93	introduced
Prunus virginiana var. demissa	Western Chokecherry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	93	native
Prunus virginiana var. virginiana	Common Chokecherry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	93	native
Prunus yedoensis	Yoshino Cherry	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	93	introduced
Pseudotsuga macrocarpa	Bigcone Douglas-fir	coniferous tree	Full Sun	low	50–100 ft	25	native
Pseudotsuga menziesii	Douglas-fir	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	100+ ft	25	native
Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca	Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir Blue Douglas-fir Inland Douglas-fir Colorado Douglas-fir	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	100+ ft	25	native
Pseudotsuga wilsoniana	Taiwan Douglas-fir	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	50–100 ft	25	introduced
Pyracantha coccinea	Firethorn	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	low	10–25 ft	4	introduced
Pyracantha koidzumii	Formosan Firethorn	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	4	introduced
Pyrus calleryana	Callery Pear	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	35	introduced
Pyrus communis	Common Pear	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	39	introduced
Pyrus fauriei	Pyrus fauriei	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	40	introduced
Pyrus pyrifolia	Asian Pear	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Pyrus salicifolia	Pyrus salicifolia	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	39	introduced
Quercus acutissima	Sawtooth Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	28	introduced
Quercus agrifolia	Coast Live Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	28	native
Quercus alba	(Eastern) White Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	28	native
Quercus arizonica	Arizona Oak	broadleaf evergreen tree	Full Sun	—	50–100 ft	28	native
Quercus berberidifolia	California Scrub Oak	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	28	native
Quercus bicolor	Swamp White Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	high	50–100 ft	28	native
Quercus bimundorum	Two Worlds Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	—	—	25–50 ft	28	native
Quercus castaneifolia	Chestnut-leaved Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	50–100 ft	28	introduced
Quercus cerris	Turkey Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	28	introduced
Quercus chrysolepis	Canyon Live Oak	broadleaf evergreen tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	28	native
Quercus coccinea	Scarlet Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	28	native
Quercus douglasii	Blue Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	low	50–100 ft	28	native
Quercus durata	Leather Oak	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	28	native
Quercus emoryi	Emory Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	28	native
Quercus engelmannii	Engelmann Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	28	native
Quercus frainetto	Hungarian Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	28	introduced
Quercus gambelii	Gambel Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	28	native
Quercus garryana	Oregon White Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	low	50–100 ft	28	native
Quercus garryana var. breweri	Brewer's Oak	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	28	native
Quercus glandulifera	Konara Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	28	introduced
Quercus glauca	Japanese Blue Oak	broadleaf evergreen tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	28	introduced
Quercus hypoleucoides	Silverleaf Oak	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	28	native
Quercus ilex	Holly	broadleaf evergreen tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	38	introduced
Quercus ilicifolia	Bear Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	28	introduced
Quercus imbricaria	Shingle Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	28	native
Quercus kelloggii	California Black Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	28	native
Quercus leana	Lea's Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	50–100 ft	28	introduced
Quercus lobata	Valley Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	28	native
Quercus macrocarpa	Bur Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	28	native
Quercus marilandica	Blackjack Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	28	native
Quercus mongolica	Mongolian Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	28	introduced
Quercus montana	Mountain Chestnut	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	28	native
Quercus muehlenbergii	Chinkapin Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	28	native
Quercus myrsinifolia	Chinese Evergreen Oak	broadleaf evergreen tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	28	introduced
Quercus nigra	Water Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	28	native
Quercus palustris	Pin Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	28	native
Quercus petraea	Sessile Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	high	100+ ft	28	introduced
Quercus phellos	Willow	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	50	native
Quercus prinoides	Dwarf Chinquapin Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	28	native
Quercus robur	English Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	28	introduced
Quercus rubra	Northern Red Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	28	native
Quercus sadleriana	Sadler Oak	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	28	native
Quercus stellata	Post Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	28	native
Quercus suber	Cork Oak	broadleaf evergreen tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	28	introduced
Quercus turbinella	Scrub Live Oak	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	28	native
Quercus undulata	Wavyleaved Oak	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	10–25 ft	28	native
Quercus vaccinifolia	Huckleberry	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	33	native
Quercus velutina	Black Oak	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	28	native
Quercus virginiana	Southern Live Oak	broadleaf evergreen tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	28	native
Quercus wislizeni	Interior Live Oak	broadleaf evergreen tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	28	native
Rhamnus alnifolia	Alder Buckthorn	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	high	< 10 ft	15	introduced
Rhamnus purshiana	Cascara Cascara Buckthorn	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	1	native
Rhaphiolepis indica	Indian Hawthorn	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	9	introduced
Rhaphiolepis majestic	Rhaphiolepis majestic	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	1	introduced
Rhaphiolepis umbellata	Yeddo Rhaphiolepis Yeddo Hawthorn	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	9	introduced
Rheum rhabarbarum	Rhubarb	perennial	—	—	—	4	introduced
Rhododendron 'Elizabeth'	Elizabeth Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron 'Purple Gem'	Purple Gem Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron airy	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron alabamense	Alabama Azalea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	native
Rhododendron alice	Alice Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron anah	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron anna	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron april	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron arboreum subsp. cinnamomeum	Cinnamon Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen tree	—	—	10–25 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron argosy	Argosy Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron atlanticum	Dwarf azalea		—	—	< 10 ft	—	native
Rhododendron augustinii	Augustine Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron auriculatum	No common name (R. auriculatum)	broadleaf evergreen tree	—	—	25–50 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron beauty	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron bibiani	Bibiani Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron blue	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron boule	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron bow	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron bric	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron bureavii	Bureau Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron campylocarpum subsp. coloxanthum	Coloxanthum Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron catawbiense	Catawba Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	43	native
Rhododendron cheer	Cheer Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron chevalier	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron christmas	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron cinnabarinum	Cinnabar Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron concinnum	Concinnum Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen tree	—	—	10–25 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron cotton	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron crater	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron crest	Crest Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron cunninghams	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron cynthia	Cynthia Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron daphnoides	Daphnoides Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron dauricum	Dauricum Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron davidsonianum	Davidsonianum Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron day	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron deciduous	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron defines	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron delaware	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron dora	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron dreamland	Dreamland Rhrododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron el	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron elisabeth	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron falconeri subsp. falconeri	Falconer Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron fantastic	Fantastic Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron formosum var. formosum	Formosum Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron forrestii subsp. forrestii	Forrest Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron fortunei subsp. discolor	Fortune Discolor	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron frilly	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron gartendirektor	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron girards	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron goldflimmer	Goldflimmer Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron grace	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron groenlandicum	Labrador-tea	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron haematodes subsp. haematodes	Haematodes Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron hallelujha	Hallelujah Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron hanceanum	Hanceanum Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron hardijzer	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron harry	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron hino	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron hinode	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron hippophaeoides var. hippophaeoides	Hippophaeoides Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron hodgsonii	Hodgson Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron honourable	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron horizon	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron hotei	Hotei Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron impeditum	Dwarf Purple Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Rhododendron irroratum	Irroratum Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron jock	Jock Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron johnstoneanum	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron kaempferi	Torch Azalea	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	3	introduced
Rhododendron keiskei	Keiskei Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron ken	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron kiusianum	Kiusianum Azalea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron lacteum	Lacteum Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen tree	—	—	25–50 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron lees	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron lems	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron lights	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron loderi	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron luteiflorum	Luteiflorum Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron lutescens	Lutescens Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron luteum	Pontic or Pontica Azalea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron macabeanum	Macabeanum Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron macrophyllum	Pacific Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	high	10–25 ft	43	native
Rhododendron maximum	Rosebay Rhododendron		—	—	10–25 ft	—	native
Rhododendron moonstone	Moonstone Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron mrs	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron mucronulatum	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron myrtifolium	Myrtifolium Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron niveum	Niveum Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron northern	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron occidentale	Western Azalea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	10–25 ft	43	native
Rhododendron orbiculare subsp. orbiculare	Obiculare Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron orchid	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron oreotrephes	Oreotrephes Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron oudijks	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron pachytrichum	Pachytrichum Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	10–25 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron peekaboo	Peekaboo Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron periclymenoides	Pinxterbloom azalea		—	—	< 10 ft	—	native
Rhododendron pink	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron pioneer	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron pjm	P.J.M. Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	moderate	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron point	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron ponticum	Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	—	44	introduced
Rhododendron president	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron prinophyllum	Roseshell Azalea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	native
Rhododendron prunifolium	Plumleaf Azalea	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	native
Rhododendron quinquefolium	Quinquefolium Azalea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron racemosum	Racemosum Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron ramapo	Ramapo Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron rosamundi	Rosamundi Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron roseum	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron rosy	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron roxieanum var. oreonasters	No common name	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron rubiginosum	Rubiginosum Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron sappho	Sappho Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron scarlet	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron schlippenbachii	Royal Azalea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron serpyllifolium	Wild Thyme	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron serpyllifolium var. albifolrum	White Wild Thyme	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron sinofalconeri	Sinofalconer Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen tree	—	—	25–50 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron sinogrande	Sinogrande Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	25–50 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron smirnowii	Smirnow Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron snow	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron stenopetalum	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron taurus	Taurus Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron temple	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron thomsonii subsp. thomsonii	Thomson Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron tri	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron trilby	Trilby Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron unique	Unique Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron vulcan	Vulcan Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron wardii	Ward Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron white	Rhododendron	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	43	introduced
Rhododendron wiltonii	Wilton Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron winsome	Winsome Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhododendron yakushimanum	Yak Rhododendron	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	43	introduced
Rhus aromatica	Fragrant Sumac	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	low	< 10 ft	—	native
Rhus lancea	African Sumac	broadleaf evergreen tree	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	8	introduced
Rhus typhina	Staghorn Sumac	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	low	10–25 ft	—	native
Ribes aureum	Golden Currant	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	5	native
Ribes cereum	Wax Currant	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	5	native
Ribes davidii	ge ye cha biao zi (革叶茶藨子) (Chinese name)	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Ribes divaricatum	Coast Black Gooseberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	5	native
Ribes gordonianum	Gordon's Currant	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Ribes malvaceum	Chaparral Currant	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	5	native
Ribes nevadense	Mountain Pink Currant	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	5	native
Ribes odoratum	Golden Currant	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	5	native
Ribes roezlii	Sierra Gooseberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	—	< 10 ft	5	native
Ribes sanguineum	Red-flowering Currant	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	5	native
Robinia neomexicana	New Mexican Locust	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	5	native
Robinia pseudoacacia	Black Locust	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	5	native
Rosa acicularis	Wild Prickly Rose	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	50	native
Rosa gymnocarpa	Little Wood Rose	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	50	native
Rosa multiflora	Multiflora Rose	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	50	naturalized
Rosa nutkana	Nootka Rose	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	high	10–25 ft	50	native
Rosa pisocarpa	Clustered Rose	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	50	native
Rosa rubiginosa	Sweetbriar Rose	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	50	naturalized
Rosa rugosa	Rugosa Rose	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	51	introduced
Rosa woodsii	Woods' Rose	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	50	native
Rosmarinus officinalis	Rosemary	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	low	< 10 ft	2	introduced
Rubus allegheniensis	Allegheny Blackberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	36	native
Rubus armeniacus	Himalayan Blackberry Armenian Blackberry	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	10–25 ft	36	naturalized
Rubus calycinoides	Crinkle-leaf Creeper Creeping Raspberry Yü-shan raspberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	44	introduced
Rubus hayata	Rubus hayata	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	—	31	introduced
Rubus idaeus	red raspberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	6	introduced
Rubus laciniatus	Evergreen Blackberry Cutleaf Blackberry	vine groundcover	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	36	naturalized
Rubus leucodermis	Blackcap	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	44	native
Rubus lineatus	Silky-leaved Berry	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	—	31	introduced
Rubus odoratus	Flowering Raspberry Purple-flowering Raspberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	44	native
Rubus parviflorus	Thimbleberry Western Thimbleberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	31	native
Rubus rolfei	Creeping Raspberry	vine groundcover	Sun–Part Shade	—	—	31	introduced
Rubus spectabilis	Salmonberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	31	native
Rubus tricolor	Creeping Bramble Korean Raspberry	vine groundcover	Part Shade	—	—	44	introduced
Rubus ursinus	Trailing Blackberry Western Blackberry California Blackberry Dewberry	vine groundcover	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	36	native
Salix alba	Salix alba	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	high	50–100 ft	24	introduced
Salix babylonica	Weeping Willow	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	high	25–50 ft	24	introduced
Salix caprea	Salix caprea	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	high	25–50 ft	24	introduced
Salix integra	Salix integra	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	24	introduced
Salix magnifica	Magnolia-leaf Willow	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	24	introduced
Salix matsudana	Salix matsudana	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	24	introduced
Salix pentandra	Laurel	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	high	25–50 ft	26	introduced
Salix phlebophylla	Skeletonleaf Willow	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	—	—	24	introduced
Salix purpurea	Purpleosier Alaska Blue Willow	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	high	< 10 ft	24	introduced
Salix scouleriana	Scouler's Willow	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	high	25–50 ft	24	native
Salvia	Rose	perennial	—	—	—	3	introduced
Sambucus canadensis	American Elderberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	3	native
Sambucus cerulea	Blue Elderberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate to high (streambank native)	10–25 ft	—	native
Sambucus nigra	Common Elderberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	3	introduced
Sambucus nigra subsp. cerulea	Blue Elderberry	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	6	native
Sambucus racemosa	Red Elderberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	3	native
Sanguinaria canadensis	Bloodroot		—	—	< 10 ft	—	native
Santolina chamaecyparissus	Lavender Cotton	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	1	introduced
Sarcococca confusa	Fragrant Sarcococca Sweet Box	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	keep damp in sun/part shade	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Sarcococca hookeriana	Himalayan Sarcococca	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Sarcococca ruscifolia	Fragrant Sarcococca	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Sassafras albidum	Common Sassafras	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	low	50–100 ft	—	native
Sciadopitys verticillata	Japanese Umbrella Pine	coniferous tree	Sun–Part Shade	high	50–100 ft	21	introduced
Searsia lancea	African Sumac	broadleaf evergreen tree	—	—	—	8	introduced
Sedum	Stonecrop	perennial	—	—	—	2	introduced
Sempervivum	Carmen Hen and Chicks	perennial	—	—	—	1	introduced
Sequoia sempervirens	Coastal Redwood	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	1	native
Sequoiadendron giganteum	Sierra Redwood	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	—	native
Sesleria autumnalis	Autumn Moor Grass	grass grasslike	Part Shade	low-to-moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Skimmia japonica	Japanese Skimmia	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	3	introduced
Skimmia reevesiana	Reeves Skimmia	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	3	introduced
Solanum aviculare	Kangaroo Apple	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	58	introduced
Sophora japonica	Japanese Pagodatree Scholar-tree	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	1	introduced
Sophora secundiflora	Mescal Bean Texas Mountain Laurel	broadleaf evergreen tree	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	13	native
Sorbaria sorbifolia	Ash	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Sorbus alnifolia	Korean Mountain Ash	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	15	introduced
Sorbus aria	Whitebeam Mountain Ash	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	15	introduced
Sorbus aucuparia	European Mountain Ash	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	15	introduced
Sorbus koehneana	Chinese Mountain Ash	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	15	introduced
Sorbus poteriifolia	Mountain Ash	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	15	introduced
Sorbus scopulina	Greene Mountain Ash	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	10–25 ft	15	native
Sorbus sitchensis	Sitka Mountain Ash	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	15	native
Sorbus yunan	Sorbus yunan (no English common name)	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	15	introduced
Spathodea campanulata	African Tulip Tree	broadleaf evergreen tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	1	introduced
Spiraea betulifolia	Birch-leaf Spirea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	high	< 10 ft	5	native
Spiraea bumalda	Spiraea bumalda	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	—	introduced
Spiraea densiflora	Rose	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	27	introduced
Spiraea double	Spiraea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	5	introduced
Spiraea douglasii	Rose	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	low	< 10 ft	27	native
Spiraea fritschiana	Korean Spirea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Spiraea japonica	Japanese Spirea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Spiraea japonica var. alpina	Daphne	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	—	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Spiraea miyabei	Miyabe Spirea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Spiraea nipponica	Nippon Spirea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Spiraea prunifolia	Spiraea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	high	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Spiraea splendens	Mountain Spirea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	—	5	native
Spiraea thunbergii	Thunberg Spirea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Spiraea vanhouttei	Van Houtte Spirea	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	—	< 10 ft	5	introduced
Spiraea x arguta	Compact Garland Spirea		—	—	—	—	introduced
Stachys	Bella Grigio Stachys	perennial	—	—	—	1	introduced
Stewartia monadelpha	Tall Stewartia	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Stewartia pseudocamellia	Japanese Stewartia	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	—	introduced
Styphnolobium japonicum	Japanese Pagodatree Scholar-tree	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	—	introduced
Styrax japonicus	Japanese Snowbell	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Symphoricarpos albus	Common Snowberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	2	native
Symphoricarpos doorenbosii	Doorenbos Snowberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	2	introduced
Symphoricarpos mollis	Spreading Snowberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	—	2	native
Symphoricarpos orbiculatus	Indiancurrant Coralberry Buckbrush	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	high	< 10 ft	2	native
Symphoricarpos rotondifolius	Roundleaf Snowberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	2	native
Symphytum	Axminster Gold Variegated Russian Comfrey	perennial	—	—	—	1	introduced
Syringa × tribrida	Reblooming Lilac	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Syringa chinensis	Chinese Lilac Rouen Lilac	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	13	introduced
Syringa hyacinthiflora	Early Flowering Lilac	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	13	introduced
Syringa josikaea	Hungarian Lilac	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	13	introduced
Syringa laciniata	Cutleaf Lilac	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	13	introduced
Syringa meyeri	Syringa meyeri	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	13	introduced
Syringa microphylla	Syringa microphylla	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	13	introduced
Syringa patula	Syringa patula	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	13	introduced
Syringa pekinensis	Peking Lilac Chinese Tree	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	13	introduced
Syringa prestoniae	Preston Lilac	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	13	introduced
Syringa pubescens	Syringa pubescens	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Syringa reticulata	Japanese Tree Lilac	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	13	introduced
Syringa vulgaris	Common Lilac	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	13	introduced
Syringa x persica	Persian Lilac		—	—	—	—	introduced
Taiwania cryptomerioides	Formosan Redwood Taiwan Cedar Taiwania	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	100+ ft	4	introduced
Tamarix parviflora	Small-flowered Tamarix	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	4	introduced
Taxus baccata	English Yew	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	7	introduced
Taxus brevifolia	Pacific Yew	coniferous tree	Part Shade	low	25–50 ft	7	native
Taxus canadensis	Canadian Yew	coniferous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	12	native
Taxus cuspidata	Japanese Yew	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	7	introduced
Taxus media	Hybrid Yew	coniferous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	7	introduced
Ternstroemia gymnanthera	Japanese Ternstroemia	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	1	introduced
Thuja occidentalis	Eastern Arborvitae	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	26	native
Thuja orientalis	Chinese Arborvitae	coniferous tree	—	—	—	26	introduced
Thuja plicata	Western Redcedar	coniferous tree	Part Shade	high	100+ ft	26	native
Thujopsis dolabrata	Elkhorn Cedar	coniferous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	14	introduced
Thymus pseudolanuginosus	Wooly Thyme	perennial	Full Sun	low-to-moderate	—	—	introduced
Tilia americana	American Linden	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	high	50–100 ft	11	native
Tilia cordata	Littleleaf Linden	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	11	introduced
Tilia euchlora	Crimean Linden	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	50–100 ft	11	introduced
Tilia europaea	European Linden	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	50–100 ft	11	introduced
Tilia mongolica	Mongolian Linden	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	25–50 ft	11	introduced
Tilia tomentosa	Silver Linden	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	11	introduced
Tolmiea menziesii	Piggyback Plant	perennial	Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	1	native
Trachelospermum jasminoides	Star Jasmine Confederate Jasmine	vine groundcover	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Trachycarpus fortunei	Chinese Windmill Palm	broadleaf evergreen tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	—	introduced
Tradescantia virginiana	Virginia spiderwort		—	—	< 10 ft	—	native
Trifolium tridentatum	Tomcat Clover	perennial	—	—	—	18	introduced
Tsuga canadensis	Canadian Hemlock	coniferous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	19	native
Tsuga canadensis var. pendula	Weeping Hemlock	coniferous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	19	introduced
Tsuga diversifolia	Northern Japanese Hemlock	coniferous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	50–100 ft	19	introduced
Tsuga heterophylla	Western Hemlock	coniferous tree	Part Shade	high	100+ ft	19	native
Tsuga mertensiana	Mountain Hemlock	coniferous tree	Part Shade	high	50–100 ft	19	native
Ulmus americana	American Elm	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	50–100 ft	14	native
Ulmus davidiana	David Elm	broadleaf deciduous tree	Sun–Part Shade	—	25–50 ft	14	introduced
Ulmus davidiana var. davidiana	unknown	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	14	introduced
Ulmus davidiana var. japonica	Japanese Elm	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	100+ ft	14	introduced
Ulmus glabra	Ulmus glabra	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	14	introduced
Ulmus hollandica	Dutch Elm	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	—	50–100 ft	14	introduced
Ulmus parvifolia	Lacebark Elm	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	14	introduced
Ulmus pumila	Siberian Elm	broadleaf deciduous tree	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	14	introduced
Umbellularia californica	Oregon Myrtle	broadleaf evergreen tree	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	2	native
Vaccinium angustifolium	Lowbush Blueberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	44	native
Vaccinium corymbosum	Highbush Blueberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	44	native
Vaccinium crassifolium	Creeping Blueberry	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	44	native
Vaccinium macrocarpon	Cranberry American Cranberry	vine groundcover	Sun–Part Shade	high	—	41	native
Vaccinium membranaceum	Big Huckleberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	low	< 10 ft	41	native
Vaccinium moupinense	Himalayan Blueberry	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	< 10 ft	44	introduced
Vaccinium ovalifolium	Oval-leaf Blueberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	44	native
Vaccinium ovatum	Box Huckleberry	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	41	native
Vaccinium parvifolium	Red Huckleberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	low	10–25 ft	41	native
Vaccinium sikkimense	Sikkim Blueberry	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	44	introduced
Vaccinium uliginosum	Bog Blueberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	41	native
Vaccinium vitis	Vaccinium vitis	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	41	introduced
Vancouveria hexandra	Northern Inside-out Flower	perennial	Shade	null	< 10 ft	—	native
Verbena	Purple Vervain	perennial	—	—	—	4	introduced
Veronica	American Brooklime or American Speedwell	perennial	—	—	—	4	introduced
Veronica peduncularis	Speedwell	perennial	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	—	introduced
Veronica persica	Persian speedwell		—	—	—	—	naturalized
Viburnum × bodnantense	Bodnant Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	11	introduced
Viburnum awabuki	Sweet Viburnum	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	17	introduced
Viburnum bracteatum	Bracted Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	11	introduced
Viburnum burkwoodii	Burkwood Viburnum	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	11	introduced
Viburnum carlesii	Koreanspice Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	11	introduced
Viburnum cassinoides	Witherod Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	11	native
Viburnum cinnamomifolium	Cinnamon Viburnum	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	10	introduced
Viburnum davidii	David's Viburnum	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	11	introduced
Viburnum dentatum	Arrowwood Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	11	native
Viburnum dilatatum	Linden	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	23	introduced
Viburnum edule	Mooseberry Highbush Cranberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	11	native
Viburnum ellipticum	Oregon Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	10	native
Viburnum farreri	Fragrant Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	11	introduced
Viburnum juddii	Judd Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	11	introduced
Viburnum lantana	Wayfaringtree Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	11	introduced
Viburnum lantanoides	Hobblebush	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	11	native
Viburnum lentago	Nannyberry Sheepberry	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	11	native
Viburnum nudum	Possumhaw Smooth Witherod Northern Wild Raisin	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	11	native
Viburnum opulus	Cranberry Bush Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate-to-high	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Viburnum opulus var. americanum	American Cranberrybush Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	11	native
Viburnum opulus var. opulus	European Cranberrybush Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	11	introduced
Viburnum opulus var. sargentii	Sargent Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	11	introduced
Viburnum plicatum	Doublefile Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	9	introduced
Viburnum plicatum var. plicatum	Japanese Snowball Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	11	introduced
Viburnum plicatum var. tomentosum	Doublefile Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	11	introduced
Viburnum pragense	Prague Viburnum	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	11	introduced
Viburnum prunifolium	Blackhaw Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	moderate	10–25 ft	11	native
Viburnum rafinesquianum	Downy Arrowwood Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	< 10 ft	11	native
Viburnum rhytidophyllum	Leatherleaf Viburnum	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	11	introduced
Viburnum rufidulum	Rusty Blackhaw Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	25–50 ft	11	native
Viburnum setigerum	Tea Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Full Sun	—	10–25 ft	11	introduced
Viburnum suspensum	Sandankwa Viburnum	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	10–25 ft	11	introduced
Viburnum tinus	Laurustinus	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	11	introduced
Viburnum trilobum	American Cranberrybush Viburnum	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	11	introduced
Vinca major	Large Periwinkle	vine groundcover	Part Shade	—	—	5	introduced
Vinca minor	Dwarf Periwinkle	vine groundcover	Part Shade	low	—	—	introduced
Viola	Hookedspur Violet	perennial	—	—	—	8	native
Vitis californica	Vitis californica	broadleaf deciduous shrub	—	—	—	27	introduced
Vitis coignetiae	Crimson Glory Vine	vine groundcover	Part Shade	moderate	50–100 ft	27	introduced
Vitis vinifera	European grape	vine groundcover	Full Sun	low	25–50 ft	3	introduced
Waldsteinia fragarioides	Barren Strawberry	perennial	Sun–Part Shade	—	—	13	native
Weigela florida	Weigela	broadleaf deciduous shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	—	introduced
Widdringtonia nodiflora	Berg Cypress Mountain Cypress	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	—	4	introduced
Widdringtonia schwarzii	Willowmore Cedar	coniferous tree	Full Sun	—	100+ ft	4	introduced
Wisteria floribunda	Japanese Wisteria	vine groundcover	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	10–25 ft	1	introduced
Wisteria sinensis	Chinese Wisteria	vine groundcover	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	25–50 ft	1	introduced
Wollemia nobilis	Wollemi Pine	coniferous tree	Shade	—	100+ ft	21	introduced
Yucca brevifolia	Joshua Tree	broadleaf evergreen tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	1	native
Yucca elata	Soaptree Yuca	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	low	10–25 ft	1	native
Yucca filamentosa	Adam's Needle Yucca	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	moderate	< 10 ft	1	native
Yucca glauca	Small Soapweed Soapwell Beargrass Great Plains Yucca	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	moderate	< 10 ft	1	native
Yucca recurvifolia	Pendulous Yucca	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Sun–Part Shade	—	10–25 ft	1	native
Yucca rostrata	Big Bend Yucca	broadleaf evergreen shrub	Full Sun	—	—	1	native
Yucca treculeana	Spanish Bayonet	broadleaf evergreen shrub	—	—	10–25 ft	1	introduced
Zantedeschia	White Calla Lily	perennial	—	—	—	3	introduced
Zelkova serrata	Japanese Zelkova Saw-leaf Zelkova	broadleaf deciduous tree	Full Sun	moderate	25–50 ft	2	introduced