Crack Willow

Salix x rubens, Salix alba, Salix fragilis

WA monitor Salicaceae
Data Maturity Baseline

Washington State Classification

Monitor List

This plant is on the monitor list - it is not a listed noxious weed in Washington.

Quick Reference

Type
tree
Origin
Europe, Asia, northern Africa

Identification

Growth Habit

Dioecious trees, 10-25 m tall, not colonial; branches erect, flexible or somewhat brittle at base; twigs grey- to red-brown, or golden-yellow, densely hairy.

Leaves

Alternate, simple; narrowly oblong to lance-shaped, 6-12 cm long, 1-2 cm wide, lower surface glaucous, silky to nearly smooth, hairs white, upper surface dull, silky to nearly smooth, margins toothed, base pointed to wedge-shaped, tips pointed to tapering; leaf stalks with glandular dots or lobes at top; stipules leaflike.

Flowers

Unisexual, lacking sepals and petals, borne in catkins which flower as leaves emerge, the catkins slender, on leafy twigs; floral bracts pale, hairs straight, female bracts deciduous; stamens 2; ovaries 1, smooth; styles 0.16-0.44 mm long.

Fruit & Seeds

Capsules which split open to release the seeds, each of which is surrounded by a tuft of hairs; stalks 0.2-0.8 mm long.

Impact

This plant is on the monitor list - it is not a listed noxious weed in Washington. Please contact Sofia Sherman to report locations or for more information.

Ecology & Spread

Habitat

Salix x rubens is documented in Yakima, Klickitat, Kittitas, Benton, Chelan, and Grant counties. Salix alba is documented in Yakima, King, Whatcom, and Franklin counties. Salix fragilis is documented in Klickitat and Benton counties.

Spread Mechanisms

seed vegetative fragments

Reproduction

Vegetatively from broken branches and stems, as well as rhizomes and seed

Regional Notes — Puget Sound

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Control Methods

Mechanical