Meadow Knapweed

Centaurea x moncktonii

WA B desig. Asteraceae
Data Maturity Baseline

Washington State Classification

Class B — Control Required (Designated)

Meadow knapweed is an aggressive invasive species that spreads into pastures and meadows.

Required control in Region 1 (all western Washington counties)

Quick Reference

Type
perennial herb
Origin
Europe

Identification

Growth Habit

As a hybrid between brown knapweed and black knapweed (Centaurea jacea and Centaurea nigra, and possibly Centaurea nigrescens), meadow knapweed can have variable characteristics between the parent plants. It is a perennial that typically grows between 1 and 5 feet tall.

Leaves

Leaves not divided, up to 6 inches long and 1.25 inches wide with smooth or slightly lobed or toothed margins. Leaves decrease in size up the stem.

Flowers

Flower heads are solitary and terminal on branch tips. Bracts at the base of flower heads are light to dark brown and have papery, fringed margins. Bracts have a metallic gold sheen when plants are flowering. Flowers are rose purple to white.

Fruit & Seeds

Seeds are white to light brown in color and may have a short row of hairs on one end.

Impact

Meadow knapweed is an aggressive invasive species that spreads into pastures and meadows. It outcompetes desirable forage plants as well as other native plants species.

Ecology & Spread

Habitat

Meadow knapweed occurs in mesic meadows and pastures, forest openings, roadsides, waste areas and floodplains of rivers and streams. Please click here to see a county level distribution map of meadow knapweed in Washington.

Spread Mechanisms

seed

Reproduction

Meadow knapweed reproduces from seed and also can respout from root crowns.

Regional Notes — Puget Sound

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Control Methods

Biological Control

  • The blunt knapweed flower weevil, Larinus obtusus, is most destructive in the larval stage by its feeding on seeds within the flowerheads. The adults also cause damage by feeding on meadow knapweed leaves. For more information about the biological control of meadow knapweed, please visit WSU Extension Integrated Weed Control Project.