Spurge Flax

Thymelaea passerina

WA B desig. Thymelaeaceae
Data Maturity Baseline

Washington State Classification

Class B — Control Required (Designated)

Spurge flax is known as a common weed in its native habitat.

Required control in Region 1 (all western Washington counties)

Quick Reference

Type
annual herb
Origin
Europe, Asia and Northern Africa

Identification

Growth Habit

Spurge flax is an herbaceous annual with a fibrous taproot. The plant ranges from 2.5 to 24 inches tall. It is slender, wiry and upright. It grows as one main stem, then commonly branches in the upper part of the plant. The plant turns red in the fall.

Leaves

The leaves are alternate and leathery.  They are small and narrow with a linear tapered point.

Flowers

Flowers are greenish, tubular and 2-3 mm long. They have 4 sepals, no petals and 8 stamens. Stamens appear in two whorls of four. Below each flower, two very small bracts arise from a tuft of tiny white hairs.

Fruit & Seeds

The fruit is a shiny, black achene. The round seeds are brown to black, 2-3 mm long.

Impact

Spurge flax is known as a common weed in its native habitat. In Okanogan County, where it was discovered in Washington State, it infested 600 acres before it was noticed and identified. Spurge flax is aggressive and is not palatable to livestock.

Ecology & Spread

Habitat

It grows in rangeland areas, disturbed sites and dry pastures. Please click here to see a county level distribution map of spurge flax in Washington.

Spread Mechanisms

seed

Reproduction

Spurge flax reproduces by seed.

Regional Notes — Puget Sound

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