Swainsonpea

Sphaerophysa salsula

WA C Fabaceae
Data Maturity Baseline

Washington State Classification

Class C — Widespread, County-Selected Control

Swainsonpea poses a serious threat to areas where grain is grown.

Quick Reference

Type
perennial herb
Origin
Asia

Identification

Growth Habit

Swainsonpea is a perennial plant, much branched from the base with a woody taproot and rhizome.

Leaves

Leaves are alternate on the stem and pinnately compound, with each leaf having 9 to 25 leaflets with silvery hairs.

Flowers

Flowers are brick red to purple, pea shaped and occur in 5 to 12 flowered axillary racemes.

Fruit & Seeds

Seed pods (legumes) membranous and inflated 0.6 inches to 1.2 inches long by 0.4 inches to 0.6 inches wide, containing many seeds.

Impact

Swainsonpea poses a serious threat to areas where grain is grown. Since Swainsonpea seeds are the size of alfalfa seeds, it can be a serious contaminant in alfalfa grown for seed. It is known as a troublesome and persistent weed. Swainsonpea was changed from a Class B to a Class C noxious weed in 2013.

Ecology & Spread

Habitat

Swainsonpea is found growing along roadsides, waste areas, fence rows and in cropland. Please click here to see a county level distribution map of Swainsonpea in Washington.

Spread Mechanisms

seed vegetative fragments

Reproduction

Swainsonpea reproduces by seeds and rhizomes.

Regional Notes — Puget Sound

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