Western Serviceberry

'First bloom'

Amelanchier alnifolia

Rosaceae · broadleaf deciduous shrub · native

Last updated

Western serviceberry (also called Saskatoon berry) is a native multi-stemmed shrub-tree of dry to moist forest edges and woodland transitions across western North America, from Alaska to northern California and east to the Great Plains. The bark is smooth and gray. The leaves are oval, lightly toothed, and turn red to orange in fall. The flowers appear in upright racemes, and the small blue-black berries in early summer are highly valued by birds and wildlife. The tree rarely exceeds 20 to 25 feet and often remains more shrubby in drier sites.

Western serviceberry is a useful native for dry to moist sites with full sun to part shade and adaptable soil conditions. Growth is moderate, reaching mature size in 12 to 15 years. The tree is relatively pest and disease-free, making it a low-maintenance choice. The blue-black fruits ripen in June and are quickly consumed by birds; if you wish to harvest berries, use bird netting. Fall color is reliable, ranging from orange to red. For riparian restoration, understory planting, and wildlife corridors, western serviceberry offers multiple seasons of interest: spring flowers, summer fruits, fall color, and winter form.

Quick Facts

Height
3-18 ft (typical shrub form); up to 30 ft (tree form on moist sites). National champion 44 ft in Clackamas, OR. Source: NC State (3-18 ft), OSU (20-30 ft)
Spread
6-12 ft (individual); spreads by suckers to form colonies. Source: NC State (6-8 ft)
Growth Rate
Moderate
Light
Full Sun to Part Shade # Osu: "Sun Or Part Shade"; Common Forest Understory Species
Soil
Adaptable
Water
Low
Hardiness
Zone Zones 2a–8b
Fall Color
Orange, purple, red, yellow
Origin
Pacific Northwest native
Watch for this season
RustHigh

Aecial Stage (Alternate Host)

Phenological Calendar

As of May 13, 2026, Puget Sound stations range from 1906.2 to 2098.2 GDD₃₂. Western Serviceberry has passed 'first bloom' (1428 GDD₃₂).

Regional Season Tracker

GDD₃₂ accumulation across 7 Puget Sound stations · as of May 13, 2026
Station GDD₃₂ Current Stage Next To Go
Issaquah / East King 2,098 'First bloom'
Kent / Auburn 2,089 'First bloom'
Seattle / UW 2,063 'First bloom'
Olympia / Tumwater 2,025 'First bloom'
Tacoma / Puyallup 1,993 'First bloom'
Bellingham / Whatcom 1,972 'First bloom'
Sequim / Rain Shadow 1,906 'First bloom'
Stage GDD32 Typical Window
'Bud break' BBCH '07' 886 'Mar'
'Flower buds visible' BBCH '51' 1215 'Mar-Apr'
'Leaf emergence' BBCH '11' 1178 'Mar-Apr'
'First bloom' BBCH '61' NOW 1428 'Apr'
Range: 550–706 GDD₃₂ (6yr)

Source: 'NPN citizen science observations (WA+OR), n=21, median. Nearly simultaneous with flower buds (distributions overlap). services.usanpn.org' About GDD₃₂ →

Season tracker for Kent / Auburn as of May 13, 2026. Predicted dates use 16-day weather forecast through May 29, 2026, then climate normals.

Diseases: Regionally Documented (1)

Cultivars (5)

'Regent'
Compact shrub, vigorous, good foliage, sweet fruit. 4-6 ft.
Hardy to USDA Zone 2
'Altaglow'
Columnar to narrow conical, multi-stemmed, over 20 ft. White fruit (turns brown after picking), not plentiful. Bright autumn foliage (yellow to orange to red to purple).
Introduced 1958 as ornamental
'Northline'
Medium shrub 6-10 ft, upright oval becoming spreading, suckers freely, outer branches arching.
Introduced 1960, Beaverlodge Nursery, Alberta. Very hardy.
'Smoky'
To 15 ft, branches ascending to arching, suckers freely. Large fruit.
One of the first cultivars released, 1952, Beaverlodge, Alberta.
'Thiessen'
Oval to round, to 15 ft. Flowers earlier than other cultivars. Largest fruit.
Selected in Saskatchewan, introduced 1976.
Data Maturity
Structured Multiple sources. Expert review underway.