Norfolk Island Pine
Araucaria heterophylla
Araucariaceae · coniferous tree · introduced
Last updated
Plant Profile
Size & Form
Height
230 ft
Spread
12-20 ft
Growth Rate
Fast
Size at 20 yr
40 ft
Lifespan
Moderate
Site Requirements
Light
Sun to Part Shade
Soil Drainage
Well Drained
Soil pH
4.6-7.8
Water
Moderate
Drought Tolerance
Medium
Hardiness
Zones 8b–10a
Ornamental Interest
Bloom Time
Non-flowering
Origin
Norfolk Island
Watch for this season
Pine needle scaleHigh
Crawler Emergence
Armillaria Root RotModerate
Active Below-ground Growth
Phytophthora Root RotModerate
Growing Season Stress Expression
Eriophyid miteModerate
Active Feeding & Gall Formation
Diseases: Regionally Documented (8)
Endocronartium harknessii Western Gall Rust Cronartium ribicola White Pine Blister Rust Phytophthora spp. (P Phytophthora Root Rot Lophodermium spp. Lophodermium Needle Cast Lophodermella concolor Lophodermella Needle Cast Elytroderma deformans Elytroderma Needle Cast Arceuthobium spp. (parasitic plant) Dwarf Mistletoe Armillaria spp. — primarily A Armillaria Root Rot
Pests: Regionally Documented (13)
Eriophyidae (family) Eriophyid mite Pineus strobi Pine bark adelgid Dioryctria spp. Coneworm Pine Aphid Pissodes strobi White pine weevil Tetranychidae Spider mite Synanthedon sequoiae Sequoia pitch moth Pine Needle Sheathminer Pine Sheath Miner Chionaspis pinifoliae Pine needle scale Pine Butterfly Coloradia pandora Pandora moth Dendroctonus ponderosae Mountain pine beetle Rhyacionia buoliana European pine shoot moth
Phenological Calendar
View full calendar (3 stages)
| Stage | Typical Window |
|---|---|
| New growth flush BBCH 11 | Mar 1-Apr 1 |
| Cone development BBCH 71 | Jun 1-Aug 31 |
| Cone maturity and disintegration BBCH 85 | Sep 1-Nov 30 |
Data Maturity Baseline Extension data. Expert review underway.