Euopean Ash

Fraxinus excelsior

Oleaceae · broadleaf deciduous tree · introduced

Last updated April 7, 2026

Quick Facts

Height

98 ft

Spread

65 ft

Growth Rate

Fast

Light

Full Sun

Soil

Wet Tolerant

Water

High

Hardiness

Zone Zones 5a–8b

Bloom Time

April to May

Fall Color

Yellow

Origin

British Isles, Europe and Caucasus, cultivated for centuries

Anthracnose (Shade Trees)High

Primary Spore Release

Nectria CankerHigh

Spore Release (Fall & Spring Rains)

Verticillium WiltHigh

Root Colonization Period

Oystershell scaleHigh

Crawler Emergence

+ 5 more — see full disease and pest lists below

Diseases: Regionally Documented (8)

Neonectria ditissima Nectria Canker Discula destructiva (dogwood), Kabatiella and Discula spp... Anthracnose Coin Canker Symptom category — not a single disease Leaf Spot Mistletoe Phytophthora syringae Phytophthora Canker Verticillium dahliae Verticillium Wilt Sclerotinia spp. White Mottled Rot

Pests: Regionally Documented (8)

Ash borer Aphidoidea Aphid Prionoxystus robiniae Carpenterworm Hyphantria cunea Fall webworm Parthenolecanium spp. Lecanium scale Caloptilia syringella Lilac leafminer Lepidosaphes ulmi Oystershell scale Coccoidea Scale insect

Pests: Other Associations (1)

Agrilus planipennis Emerald ash borer

Cultivars (2)

'Golden Cloud'

Common name: Golden Cloud Ash; Mature height: 30–40 ft

Hardy to USDA Zone 5

'Golden Desert'

Common name: Golden Desert Ash; Mature height: 30 ft

Hardy to USDA Zone 5

Data Maturity

Structured Multiple sources. Expert review underway.