Black Locust

Full bloom

Robinia pseudoacacia

Fabaceae · broadleaf deciduous tree · native

Last updated

Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) is a fast-growing deciduous tree in the Fabaceae family native to eastern North America from Pennsylvania to Georgia, west to Iowa, Missouri, and Oklahoma. It reaches 60 ft tall with a 49 ft spread (40 ft at 20 years) and has an erect, multiple-stem form with dark furrowed bark. White drooping flower clusters to 10 inches long are fragrant, and the foliage turns gold-yellow in fall.

Black locust is hardy in zones 4a-8b and prefers full sun with well-drained soil (pH 4.0-8.0) and moderate water, requiring a minimum 36-inch root depth. It is nitrogen-fixing and CaCO3-tolerant with four cultivars in the trade. All parts are toxic except the flowers. Two diseases and three pests are documented; the species has weed and invasive potential.

Quick Facts

Height
60 ft
Spread
49 ft
Growth Rate
Fast
Light
Full Sun
Soil
Well Drained
Water
Moderate
Hardiness
Zone Zones 4a–8b
Bloom Time
May to June
Fall Color
Gold/yellow
Origin
Pennsylvania to Georgia, west to Iowa
Watch for this season

Spore Release (Fall & Spring Rains)

AphidModerate

Spring Colonization

CarpenterwormModerate

Overwintering Larvae (Years 2-3)

Phenological Calendar

As of May 14, 2026, Puget Sound stations range from 1926.1 to 2121.1 GDD₃₂. Black Locust has passed full bloom (1835 GDD₃₂).

Regional Season Tracker

GDD₃₂ accumulation across 7 Puget Sound stations · as of May 14, 2026
Station GDD₃₂ Current Stage Next To Go
Issaquah / East King 2,121 Full bloom
Kent / Auburn 2,113 Full bloom
Seattle / UW 2,085 Full bloom
Olympia / Tumwater 2,047 Full bloom
Tacoma / Puyallup 2,016 Full bloom
Bellingham / Whatcom 1,994 Full bloom
Sequim / Rain Shadow 1,926 Full bloom
Stage GDD32 Typical Window
Bloom start BBCH 61 1566 Mar 15-May 15
Full bloom BBCH 65 NOW 1835
Bud break BBCH 07 Feb 15-Mar 15
Leaf emergence BBCH 11 Mar 1-Apr 1
Bloom end / petal fall BBCH 69 Apr 15-May 31
Fruit/seed development BBCH 71 Mar 15-May 31
Fruit/seed maturity BBCH 85 Jun 1-Aug 31
Leaf drop BBCH 93 Oct 15-Nov 30
Dormancy BBCH 97 Nov 15-Feb 28
Range: 1329–1539 GDD₃₂ (6yr)

Sources: USDA Plants Database (seasonal estimate) ; UMD: extension.umd.edu) About GDD₃₂ →

Season tracker for Kent / Auburn as of May 14, 2026. Predicted dates use 16-day weather forecast through May 30, 2026, then climate normals.

Diseases: Regionally Documented (2)

Pests: Regionally Documented (3)

Cultivars (4)

'Frisia'
Common name: Frisia Black Locust; Mature height: 40 ft
Hardy to USDA Zone 4
'Twisty Baby'
Common name: Twisty Baby Black Locust Lady Lace Black Locust; Mature height: 8–10 ft
Hardy to USDA Zone 4
'Umbraculifera'
Common name: Mushroom Locust Globe Locust; Mature height: 6–8 ft
Hardy to USDA Zone 4
'Purple Robe'
Dark rose-pink flowers; bronze-red new foliage; thornless
Hardy to USDA Zone 4
Data Maturity
Structured Multiple sources. Expert review underway.