Sooty Mold
Fumago vagans
23 host plants
Last updated
This profile synthesizes data from multiple published sources. Expert field review is in progress.
Sooty mold appears as a dark gray to black coating on leaves, stems, and even nearby structures. The fungal growth sits directly on honeydew excreted by scale insects, creating a layer that can completely cover leaf surfaces. You may notice this problem on hazelnut, photinia, or viburnum in areas with high scale insect pressure, especially mid to late summer when scale insect populations are at their peak.
Sooty mold itself doesn't infect plants, but it does block sunlight and can interfere with photosynthesis if coverage is severe. The real issue is the scale insects underneath, so tackling this problem means controlling the insects first. You can wash honeydew off leaves with a strong stream of water or wipe affected branches, but unless you address the scale population, the sooty mold will return quickly.
Quick Reference
Management
Spring through fall; peaks when insect pests (aphids, scale) are active.
High humidity and warm temperatures; grows on honeydew, saprophytic, not a direct pathogen.
Cultural Controls
- Wipe off leaves if black fungal growth is on only a few branches.
- Control scale insects.
- See the latest edition of the PNW Insect Management Handbook for current recommendations.
- Wash honeydew from plants with a strong stream of water.
- Choose a time when leaves will dry quickly.
- Reference Hughes, S.J. 1976.