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Peachtree borer

Synanthedon exitiosa

38 host plants

Last updated

Data Coverage 3 of 6 dimensions
Host Plants
GDD Threshold
Peak Activity
Damage Severity
Monitoring
Regional Notes

You will see gummy masses containing sawdust and frass exuding from tree trunks near the soil line, typically three inches above to one foot below ground level. This is the first sign of peachtree borer damage. Larval galleries girdle the tree, causing foliage to yellow and wilt. Full-grown larvae are one to one-and-a-half inches long with whitish bodies and brown heads. Trees decline rapidly under heavy infestation.

Identify infested trees by observing gum exudation and frass at the base. Remove larvae by carefully probing with a flexible wire into galleries if trees are valuable and young. Wrap trunks with protective barriers in fall to prevent egg-laying. Apply pheromone sprays during summer flight period.

Quick Reference

Order
Lepidoptera
Type
borer
Host Plants
38
GDD₃₂ Adult emergence
3,872
Indicator: Butterfly bush-Butterfly weed
Peak Activity
Late June-September; male emergence mid-June, female 2 weeks later

Peachtree borer Adult emergence typically begins around 3872 GDD₃₂. As of April 3, 2026, Puget Sound stations range from 1070 to 1180.6 GDD₃₂, approximately 2691 units before the expected threshold.

Regional Season Tracker

GDD₃₂ accumulation across 7 Puget Sound stations · as of Apr 3, 2026
Station GDD₃₂ Current Stage Next To Go
Issaquah / East King 1,181 Pre-season Adult emergence 2,691
Seattle / UW 1,171 Pre-season Adult emergence 2,701
Kent / Auburn 1,111 Pre-season Adult emergence 2,761
Olympia / Tumwater 1,106 Pre-season Adult emergence 2,766
Bellingham / Whatcom 1,101 Pre-season Adult emergence 2,771
Tacoma / Puyallup 1,075 Pre-season Adult emergence 2,797
Sequim / Rain Shadow 1,070 Pre-season Adult emergence 2,802

Source: Herms (OSU) phenological tables: 573 GDD₅₀ Greater Peach Tree Borer adult emergence, Dow Gardens MI 1985-1989 (Table 3). MSU Extension GDD of Landscape Insects: 575-710 GDD₅₀ adult emergence corroborates. Updated 2026-04-03. About GDD₃₂ →

What Damage Looks Like

The peachtree borer adult is a dark, bluish, clear-winged moth which somewhat resembles a wasp or hornet. The female, which has dark forewings and a red-orange band on the abdomen, lays eggs on the tree. Emerging larvae move to ground level or just below ground, where they burrow beneath the bark on the trunk and feed in the crown region. Signs of larval feeding include the presence near ground level of jelly-like gum mixed with dirt and pellets of excrement. Heavy infestations can weaken older trees, and foliage may be yellowed as if nitrogen deficient. Young trees may be girdled and killed.

Cultural Controls

  • Several wasp species are parasitic on the larvae or pupae of the borer.
  • Protect the base of the tree from larval entry by placing a cone around it before egg laying begins.
  • Light metal or flexible plastic works.
  • The cone should be pushed 1 to 2 inches into the soil and should fit snugly around the trunk at the top to prevent the tiny larvae from getting beneath it.
  • Budding tape or other flexible material will help seal the top.
  • Alternatively, if...

Host Plants (38)

Betula lenta Sweet Birch, Cherry Birch, Black Birch Malus robusta Cherry, Crabapple Prunus americana Wild Plum American (Red) Plum August Plum, Goose Plum Prunus armeniaca Apricot Prunus avium Sweet Cherry Prunus besseyi Sand Cherry, Western Sand Cherry Prunus blireiana Blireiana Plum Prunus caroliniana Carolina Cherrylaurel American Cherrylaurel Prunus cascade Prunus cascade Prunus cerasifera Cherry, Plum Prunus cistena Purpleleaf Sandcherry Redleaf Sandcherry Cistena Sandcherry Cistena Plum Prunus dream Prunus dream Prunus emarginata Bitter Cherry, Wild Cherry, Quinine Cherry Prunus first Prunus first Prunus fruticosa Steppe Cherry, European Dwarf Ground Cherry, Mongolian Cherry Prunus glandulosa Dwarf Flowering Almond Prunus ilicifolia Hollyleaf Cherry, Holly-leaved Cherry Prunus laurocerasus Cherry, Laurel Prunus lusitanica Portugal Laurel Prunus maackii Amur Chokecherry Amur Cherry, Manchurian Cherry Prunus mume Japanese Apricotc Japanese Flowering Apricot Japanese Flowering Plum Prunus newport Newport Flowering Plum Prunus okame Okame Flowering Cherry Prunus padus European Birdcherry Common Birdcherry Prunus prostrata Rock Cherry, Mountain Cherry Prunus sargentii Sargent Cherry, Sargent's Cherry Prunus serotina Black Cherry, Rum Cherry Prunus serrula Birchbark Cherry, Paperbark Cherry, Tibetan Cherry Prunus serrulata Japanese Flowering Cherry Prunus snow Prunus snow Prunus subcordata Klamath Plum, Sierra Plum, Pacific Plum Prunus subhirtella Higan Cherry Prunus subhirtella var. autumnalis Autumn Flowering Higan Cherry Prunus tai Prunus tai Prunus virginiana Prunus virginiana Prunus virginiana var. demissa Western Chokecherry Prunus virginiana var. virginiana Common Chokecherry, Eastern Chokecherry Prunus yedoensis Yoshino Cherry, Somei-yoshino Cherry, Tokyo Cherry