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Bitter Cherry

Prunus emarginata

Rosaceae · broadleaf deciduous shrub · native

Last updated

Data Coverage 4 of 6 dimensions
Site Data
Threats
Cultivars
Phenology
GDD Thresholds
Puget Sound

Prunus emarginata (Rosaceae) is a deciduous tree or large shrub native to western North America from British Columbia to California. It grows 20 to 40 feet tall, often forming thickets via root suckers. Small white flowers appear in flat-topped clusters in spring, followed by small, bitter, bright red cherries.

Bitter cherry grows in sun to part shade on moist to dry, well-drained soils. The fruit is extremely bitter and inedible raw but was used by indigenous peoples after processing. It is valued in restoration plantings for its wildlife food value (birds and bears consume the fruit) and ability to colonize disturbed sites. Hardy in Zones 6a to 8b.

Quick Facts

Height
7–50 ft
Growth Rate
Medium
Light
Full Sun to Part Shade
Soil
Moist
Water
Moderate
Hardiness
Zone Zones 4a–8b
Origin
Pacific Northwest native

Phenological Calendar

As of April 3, 2026, Puget Sound stations range from 1070 to 1180.6 GDD₃₂. Bitter Cherry typically reaches 'bud break' at 1144 GDD₃₂, predicted around Apr 5.

Regional Season Tracker

GDD₃₂ accumulation across 7 Puget Sound stations · as of Apr 3, 2026
Station GDD₃₂ Current Stage Next To Go
Issaquah / East King 1,181 'Bud break' 'Flower buds visible' 71
Seattle / UW 1,171 'Bud break' 'Flower buds visible' 81
Kent / Auburn 1,111 Pre-season 'Bud break' 33
Olympia / Tumwater 1,106 Pre-season 'Bud break' 38
Bellingham / Whatcom 1,101 Pre-season 'Bud break' 43
Tacoma / Puyallup 1,075 Pre-season 'Bud break' 69
Sequim / Rain Shadow 1,070 Pre-season 'Bud break' 74
Stage GDD32 Typical Window
'Bud break' BBCH '07' NEXT 1144 '' est. Apr 5 (forecast)
'Flower buds visible' BBCH '51' 1252 '' est. Apr 10 (forecast)
'Leaf emergence' BBCH '11' 1276 '' est. Apr 11 (forecast)
'First bloom' BBCH '61' 1428 '' est. Apr 19 (forecast)

GDD = Growing Degree Days (base 32°F, Jan 1 start). Why base 32? GDD₃₂ thresholds from USA National Phenology Network citizen science observations (WA+OR). Season tracker for Kent / Auburn as of Apr 3, 2026. Predicted dates use 16-day weather forecast through Apr 19, 2026, then climate normals.

Diseases (58)

Taphrina wiesneri Witches'-broom (Cherry leaf curl) Verticillium dahliae Verticillium Wilt Stigmina carpophila Shothole (Coryneum Blight) Prunus necrotic Prunus Necrotic Ringspot Podosphaera aphanis var. aphanis Powdery Mildew Uncharacterized graft Necrotic rusty mottle Cherry mottle leaf virus Mottle leaf Little cherry Little Cherry Symptom category — not a single disease Leaf Spot Non-pathogenic (physiological response to injury/stress) Gumming (Gummosis) Abiotic or frost injury Dead Bud Cytospora canker Cytospora Canker Rhizobium radiobacter (formerly Agrobacterium tumefaciens) Crown Gall The fungi Brown Rot Blossom Blight and Fruit Rot Apiosporina morbosa Black Knot Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae Bacterial Canker Armillaria ostoyae Armillaria Root Rot Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae Bacterial Canker and Blast Monilinia fructicola and M Brown Rot Plum pox virus (PPV) Plum Pox (Sharka) Xanthomonas citri Red Spot Fruit Blemish (Freckles) Stigmina carpophila or Diaporthe spp. Shothole Chondrostereum purpureum Silver Leaf Limb and Wood Decay Armillaria mellea Armillaria Crown and Root Rot An uncharacterized Black Canker The cherry Cherry Mottle Leaf Cherry twisted Cherry Twisted Leaf Believed to Crinkle Leaf and Deep Suture Eola rasp Eola Rasp Leaf (Yellow Bud Mosaic) Although bacterial Fungal Cankers Mechanical injury Gumming The normal June Drop Grapevine leafroll virus Leafroll Uncharacterized graft Necrotic Rusty Mottle (Lambert Mottle) and Rusty Mottle Phytophthora spp. (P Phytophthora Root Rot Multiple fungal agents Pitting Many fungi Postharvest Rots Prune dwarf Prune Dwarf Cherry rasp Rasp Leaf Pythium spp., Phytophthora spp., Rhizoctonia spp., Fusari... Replant Disease This problem Rosette [VERIFY] (multiple possible causes) Rugose Prune dwarf Sour Cherry Yellows Several causes Stem Pitting One of Virus-induced Cherry Decline Raspberry bushy dwarf virus and related viruses Virus Taphrina wiesneri Witches' Broom Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni X-Disease Taphrina deformans Leaf Curl Non-pathogenic (physiological disorder — epidermal cell d... Russeting Chrysomyxa piperiana Rusty Spot Environmental/temperature stress Split Pit Phytophthora spp Sprinkler Rot (Phytophthora Fruit Rot) Blueberry mosaic virus and related viruses Virus Diseases Taphrina pruni Plum Pockets Thekopsora minima and Naohidemyces vaccinii Rust Wilsonomyces carpophilus Coryneum blight (Shothole)

Pests (40)