Caucasian Spruce
Picea orientalis
Pinaceae · coniferous tree · introduced
Last updated
Plant Profile
Size & Form
Height
60 ft
Spread
16 ft
Growth Rate
Fast
Site Requirements
Light
Full Sun
Soil Drainage
Moist
Soil pH
4.5-8.5
Water
Moderate
Drought Tolerance
Moderate to high
Hardiness
Zones 4a–8b
Ornamental Interest
Origin
the Caucasus and Asia Minor
Watch for this season
Cytospora CankerHigh
Peak Spore Production and Dispersal
Damping-offHigh
Seedling Emergence - Postemergence Damping-off Risk
RustHigh
Uredinial Stage (Summer)
Pine needle scaleHigh
Crawler Emergence
+ 4 more — see full disease and pest lists below
Diseases: Regionally Documented (16)
Multiple genera (Melampsoridium, Thekopsora, Naohidemyces... Rust Rhizosphaera Needle Cast Oil Discoloration Of Foliage Botrytis Blight Abiotic or viral Bud Failure Cylindrocarpon spp. (now Ilyonectria spp.) Cylindrocarpon Root Rot Cytospora spp. (Valsa spp., Leucostoma spp.) Cytospora Canker Several soilborne Damping-off Drought Injury Heterobasidion occidentale Otrosina & Garbel Heterobasidion Root Disease Needle Distortion Phytophthora spp. (P Phytophthora Root Rot Phaeolus schweinitzii Schweinitzii root and butt rot Sparassis crispa (syn. S Sparassis Root Rot Fomitopsis officinalis, Porodaedalea pini, and other wood... Stem Decay Diaporthe vaccinii or Diplodia tip blight agents Tip Blight
Pests: Regionally Documented (15)
Elatobium abietinum Spruce aphid Pissodes strobi White pine weevil Oligonychus ununguis Spruce spider mite Coleotechnites piceaella Spruce needleminer Choristoneura fumiferana Spruce budworm Physokermes piceae Spruce bud scale Chionaspis pinifoliae Pine needle scale Orgyia pseudotsugata Douglas-fir tussock moth Adelges cooleyi Cooley spruce gall adelgid Dioryctria spp. Coneworm Cacoecimorpha pronubana Carnation tortrix Hemiberlesia ithacae Hemlock scale Lophocampa argentata Silverspotted tiger moth Cephalcia spp. Western webspinning sawfly Webworm
Cultivars (3)
'Atrovirens'
Common name: Atrovirens Oriental Spruce; Mature height: 60 ft
Hardy to USDA Zone 4
'Barnes'
Common name: Barnes Oriental Spruce
Hardy to USDA Zone 5
'Skylands'
Common name: Skylands Oriental Spruce; Mature height: 35 ft
Data Maturity Structured Multiple sources. Expert review underway.