Red Spruce
Picea rubens
Pinaceae · coniferous tree · introduced
Last updated
Plant Profile
Size & Form
Height
80 ft
Spread
10-18 ft
Growth Rate
Moderate
Size at 20 yr
25 ft
Lifespan
Long-lived
Site Requirements
Light
Part Shade
Soil Drainage
Wet Tolerant
Soil pH
4.0-5.8
Water
Moderate
Drought Tolerance
Medium
Hardiness
Zones 2a–8b
Ornamental Interest
Bloom Time
mid spring
Origin
extends from eastern Quebec to the Maritime provinces of
Watch for this season
Cytospora CankerHigh
Peak Spore Production and Dispersal
Damping-offHigh
Seedling Emergence - Postemergence Damping-off Risk
RustHigh
Uredinial Stage (Summer)
Pine needle scaleHigh
Crawler Emergence
+ 4 more — see full disease and pest lists below
Diseases: Regionally Documented (16)
Multiple genera (Melampsoridium, Thekopsora, Naohidemyces... Rust Rhizosphaera Needle Cast Oil Discoloration Of Foliage Botrytis Blight Abiotic or viral Bud Failure Cylindrocarpon spp. (now Ilyonectria spp.) Cylindrocarpon Root Rot Cytospora spp. (Valsa spp., Leucostoma spp.) Cytospora Canker Several soilborne Damping-off Drought Injury Heterobasidion occidentale Otrosina & Garbel Heterobasidion Root Disease Needle Distortion Phytophthora spp. (P Phytophthora Root Rot Phaeolus schweinitzii Schweinitzii root and butt rot Sparassis crispa (syn. S Sparassis Root Rot Fomitopsis officinalis, Porodaedalea pini, and other wood... Stem Decay Diaporthe vaccinii or Diplodia tip blight agents Tip Blight
Pests: Regionally Documented (15)
Elatobium abietinum Spruce aphid Pissodes strobi White pine weevil Oligonychus ununguis Spruce spider mite Coleotechnites piceaella Spruce needleminer Choristoneura fumiferana Spruce budworm Physokermes piceae Spruce bud scale Chionaspis pinifoliae Pine needle scale Orgyia pseudotsugata Douglas-fir tussock moth Adelges cooleyi Cooley spruce gall adelgid Dioryctria spp. Coneworm Cacoecimorpha pronubana Carnation tortrix Hemiberlesia ithacae Hemlock scale Lophocampa argentata Silverspotted tiger moth Cephalcia spp. Western webspinning sawfly Webworm
Phenological Calendar
View full calendar (5 stages)
| Stage | Typical Window |
|---|---|
| New growth flush BBCH 11 | Feb 15-Mar 15 |
| Pollen release BBCH 61 | Apr 1-Apr 30 |
| Pollen shed complete BBCH 69 | Apr 15-May 15 |
| Cone development BBCH 71 | Jun 1-Aug 31 |
| Cone maturity and seed shed BBCH 85 | Sep 1-Nov 30 |
Data Maturity Structured Multiple sources. Expert review underway.