Holly
Quercus ilex
Fagaceae · broadleaf evergreen tree · introduced
Last updated
Data Maturity Structured
This profile synthesizes data from multiple published sources. Expert field review is in progress.
Quick Facts
Height
82 ft
Spread
65 ft
Growth Rate
Slow
Light
Full Sun to Shade
Soil
Moist
Water
Moderate
Hardiness
Zone Zones 7a–8b
Bloom Time
April to May
Origin
southern Europe and northwest Africa (Mediterranean
Diseases (17)
Several factors Red Leaf Spotting Phytophthora leaf & twig blight Green algae Green Algae Many commercial Boron Deficiency Cytospora spp. (Valsa spp., Leucostoma spp.) Cytospora Canker Microstroma album Frosty Mildew Ganoderma applanatum Ganoderma Root and Butt Rot Pseudoinonotus dryadeus Inonotus Root and Butt Rot Taphrina spp. Leaf Blister Phoradendron villosum Mistletoe (a True Mistletoe) Neonectria ditissima Nectria Canker Multiple obligate biotrophic fungi (Erysiphales: Erysipha... Powdery Mildew Inonotus dryophilus White Pocket Rot (Piped Rot) Discula destructiva (dogwood), Kabatiella and Discula spp... Anthracnose Armillaria ostoyae Armillaria Root Rot abiotic (drought, heat stress) or bacterial (Xylella fast... Leaf Scorch Ramorum Blight (Sudden Oak Death)
Pests (21)
Parthenolecanium spp. Lecanium scale Pulvinaria floccifera Cottony camellia scale Coccus hesperidum Brown soft scale Argyrotaenia franciscana Orange tortrix Phytomyza ilicis Holly leafminer Rhopobota naevana Holly bud moth Mistletoe Andricus quercuscalifornicus California Gallfly Neuroterus saltatorius Jumping Oak Gall Various (Cynipidae, Cecidomyiidae, Eriophyidae, Psyllidae) Leaf galls Phylloxera spp. Oak leaf phylloxera Bucculatrix albertiella Oak Ribbed Casemaker Platycotis vittata Oak Treehoppers Asterolecanium spp. Pit scale Stem Gall Looper Prionoxystus robiniae Carpenterworm Oak gall wasp Bucculatrix ainsliella Oak skeletonizer Edwardsiana rosae Rose leafhopper Various (Cynipidae, Cecidomyiidae, Eriophyidae) Leaf and twig gall