Bitter Cherry

'First bloom'

Prunus emarginata

Rosaceae · broadleaf deciduous shrub · native

Last updated

Prunus emarginata (Rosaceae) is a deciduous tree or large shrub native to western North America from British Columbia to California. It grows 20 to 40 feet tall, often forming thickets via root suckers. Small white flowers appear in flat-topped clusters in spring, followed by small, bitter, bright red cherries.

Bitter cherry grows in sun to part shade on moist to dry, well-drained soils. The fruit is extremely bitter and inedible raw but was used by indigenous peoples after processing. It is valued in restoration plantings for its wildlife food value (birds and bears consume the fruit) and ability to colonize disturbed sites. Hardy in Zones 6a to 8b.

Plant Profile

Size & Form

Height
7–50 ft
Growth Rate
Medium

Site Requirements

Light
Full Sun to Part Shade
Soil Drainage
Moist
Soil pH
4.5-8.5
Water
Moderate
Hardiness
Zones 4a–8b

Ornamental Interest

Bloom Time
mid spring
Origin
Pacific Northwest native
Watch for this season
Coryneum blight (Shothole)High

Primary Infection - Flowers and Young Leaves

Peak Spore Production and Dispersal

Active Conidial Spread

RustHigh

Uredinial Stage (Summer)

+ 17 more — see full disease and pest lists below

Diseases: Regionally Documented (51)

Witches'-broom (Cherry leaf curl) Verticillium dahliae Verticillium Wilt Wilsonomyces carpophilus Coryneum blight (Shothole) Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) Prunus Necrotic Ringspot Multiple obligate biotrophic fungi (Erysiphales: Erysipha... Powdery Mildew Necrotic rusty mottle virus (uncharacterized) Necrotic rusty mottle Mottle leaf Little cherry virus-1 and Little cherry virus-2 Little Cherry Symptom category — not a single disease Leaf Spot Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (bacterial canker complex) Dead Bud Cytospora spp. (Valsa spp., Leucostoma spp.) Cytospora Canker Rhizobium radiobacter (formerly Agrobacterium tumefaciens) Crown Gall Monilinia fructicola and M Brown Rot Blossom Blight and Fruit Rot Apiosporina morbosa Black Knot Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae Bacterial Canker Armillaria spp. — primarily A Armillaria Root Rot Plum pox virus (PPV) Plum Pox (Sharka) Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni Red Spot Fruit Blemish (Freckles) Chondrostereum purpureum Silver Leaf Multiple Basidiomycete fungi cause wood decay in trees Wood Decay An uncharacterized Black Canker Cherry twisted leaf-associated virus Cherry Twisted Leaf Believed to Crinkle Leaf and Deep Suture Eola rasp Eola Rasp Leaf (Yellow Bud Mosaic) Although bacterial Fungal Cankers June Drop Grapevine leafroll virus Leafroll Uncharacterized graft Necrotic Rusty Mottle (Lambert Mottle) and Rusty Mottle Phytophthora spp. (P Phytophthora Root Rot Multiple fungal agents Pitting Many fungi Postharvest Rots Prune dwarf Prune Dwarf Cherry rasp Rasp Leaf Pythium spp., Phytophthora spp., Rhizoctonia spp., Fusari... Replant Disease This problem Rosette [VERIFY] (multiple possible causes) Rugose Several causes Stem Pitting Cherry leafroll virus (CLRV); complex with prune dwarf vi... Virus-induced Cherry Decline Raspberry bushy dwarf virus and related viruses Virus Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni X-Disease Taphrina deformans Leaf Curl Russeting Chrysomyxa piperiana Rusty Spot Split Pit Sprinkler Rot (Phytophthora Fruit Rot) Taphrina pruni Plum Pockets Multiple genera (Melampsoridium, Thekopsora, Naohidemyces... Rust Xiphinema americanum and related species Nematode, Dagger Mesocriconema spp Nematode, Ring Pratylenchus penetrans (primary) and P Nematode, Root-lesion Various plant-parasitic nematode genera Nematodes

Pests: Regionally Documented (31)

Phenological Calendar

As of June 3, 2026, Puget Sound stations range from 2435.5 to 2672.8 GDD₃₂. Bitter Cherry has passed 'first bloom' (1428 GDD₃₂).

Regional Season Tracker

GDD₃₂ accumulation across 7 Puget Sound stations · as of Jun 3, 2026
Station GDD₃₂ Current Stage Next To Go
Issaquah / East King 2,673 'First bloom'
Kent / Auburn 2,665 'First bloom'
Seattle / UW 2,610 'First bloom'
Olympia / Tumwater 2,570 'First bloom'
Tacoma / Puyallup 2,535 'First bloom'
Bellingham / Whatcom 2,533 'First bloom'
Sequim / Rain Shadow 2,436 'First bloom'
View full calendar (4 stages)
Stage GDD32 Typical Window
'Bud break' BBCH '07' 1144 ''
'Flower buds visible' BBCH '51' 1252 ''
'Leaf emergence' BBCH '11' 1276 ''
'First bloom' BBCH '61' NOW 1428 ''

Source: 'NPN citizen science observations (WA+OR), n=11, median. services.usanpn.org' About GDD₃₂ →

Season tracker for Kent / Auburn as of Jun 3, 2026. Predicted dates use 16-day weather forecast through Jun 19, 2026, then climate normals.

Data Maturity
Structured Multiple sources. Expert review underway.