X-Disease

Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni

37 host plants

Last updated

Data Maturity Structured

This profile synthesizes data from multiple published sources. Expert field review is in progress.

Leaves show mottling and ringspot patterns on stone fruits while fruit becomes small and unmarketable. This virus spreads by leafhoppers and root grafting between adjacent trees. Use certified virus-free stock and control leafhopper populations.

Remember the grower mantra, "When in doubt, cut it out." Aggressive scouting, sampling, and tree removal is critical for slowing spread of little cherry diseases. Establish new orchards only with nursery stock tested and found to be free of all known viruses and phytoplasmas.

Quick Reference

Causal Agent
Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni
Host Plants
37
Spread
Leafhopper vectors (Colladonus geminatus, C. reductus) with 1-month latent pe...
Favorable Conditions
Phytoplasma overwinters in roots and recolonizes aerial portions seasonally. ...

Management

Vulnerability Window

Sample fruit stems/woody tissue starting one week before harvest for optimal detection. Leafhoppers most active in spring and late summer through fall.

What Triggers Infection

Phytoplasma overwinters in roots and recolonizes aerial portions seasonally. Cold spring temperatures can suppress symptom expression. Infected trees may not show symptoms for two years but remain inoculum sources.

Cultural Controls

Host Plants (37)

Prunus americana Wild Plum American (Red) Plum August Plum, Goose Plum Prunus armeniaca Apricot Prunus avium Sweet Cherry Prunus besseyi Sand Cherry, Western Sand Cherry Prunus blireiana Blireiana Plum Prunus caroliniana Carolina Cherrylaurel American Cherrylaurel Prunus cascade Prunus cascade Prunus cerasifera Cherry, Plum Prunus cerasus Sour Cherry Prunus cistena Purpleleaf Sandcherry Redleaf Sandcherry Cistena Sandcherry Cistena Plum Prunus dream Prunus dream Prunus emarginata Bitter Cherry, Wild Cherry, Quinine Cherry Prunus first Prunus first Prunus fruticosa Steppe Cherry, European Dwarf Ground Cherry, Mongolian Cherry Prunus glandulosa Dwarf Flowering Almond Prunus ilicifolia Hollyleaf Cherry, Holly-leaved Cherry Prunus laurocerasus Cherry, Laurel Prunus lusitanica Portugal Laurel Prunus maackii Amur Chokecherry Amur Cherry, Manchurian Cherry Prunus mume Japanese Apricotc Japanese Flowering Apricot Japanese Flowering Plum Prunus newport Newport Flowering Plum Prunus okame Okame Flowering Cherry Prunus padus European Birdcherry Common Birdcherry Prunus prostrata Rock Cherry, Mountain Cherry Prunus sargentii Sargent Cherry, Sargent's Cherry Prunus serotina Black Cherry, Rum Cherry Prunus serrula Birchbark Cherry, Paperbark Cherry, Tibetan Cherry Prunus serrulata Japanese Flowering Cherry Prunus snow Prunus snow Prunus subcordata Klamath Plum, Sierra Plum, Pacific Plum Prunus subhirtella Higan Cherry Prunus subhirtella var. autumnalis Autumn Flowering Higan Cherry Prunus tai Prunus tai Prunus virginiana Prunus virginiana Prunus virginiana var. demissa Western Chokecherry Prunus virginiana var. virginiana Common Chokecherry, Eastern Chokecherry Prunus yedoensis Yoshino Cherry, Somei-yoshino Cherry, Tokyo Cherry