Prunus virginiana

'Full bloom'

Prunus virginiana

Rosaceae · broadleaf deciduous shrub · introduced

Last updated

Prunus virginiana (Rosaceae) is a deciduous shrub or small tree native across much of North America from Newfoundland to British Columbia and south to Kansas and North Carolina. It grows 20 to 40 feet tall, forming thickets via root suckers. Dense, cylindrical racemes of small white flowers appear in late spring, followed by small, dark red to black fruit.

Chokecherry grows in full sun to part shade on a wide range of soils. The fruit is extremely astringent when raw but is traditional for jellies, syrups, and wine. It is an important wildlife food plant. The cultivar 'Canada Red' (Schubert) has purple foliage. Black knot disease and tent caterpillars are common problems. All parts except ripe fruit flesh contain cyanogenic glycosides. Hardy in Zones 3a to 8b.

Quick Facts

Height
20-30 ft
Spread
18-25 ft
Growth Rate
Fast
Light
Sun to Part Shade
Soil
Moist
Water
Moderate
Bloom Time
April to May
Watch for this season

Bloom Infection Window (Critical)

Coryneum blight (Shothole)High

Primary Infection - Flowers and Young Leaves

Spring Canker Activation

RustHigh

Aecial Stage (Alternate Host)

+ 17 more — see full disease and pest lists below

Phenological Calendar

As of May 13, 2026, Puget Sound stations range from 1906.2 to 2098.2 GDD₃₂. Prunus virginiana has passed 'full bloom' (933 GDD₃₂).

Regional Season Tracker

GDD₃₂ accumulation across 7 Puget Sound stations · as of May 13, 2026
Station GDD₃₂ Current Stage Next To Go
Issaquah / East King 2,098 'Full bloom'
Kent / Auburn 2,089 'Full bloom'
Seattle / UW 2,063 'Full bloom'
Olympia / Tumwater 2,025 'Full bloom'
Tacoma / Puyallup 1,993 'Full bloom'
Bellingham / Whatcom 1,972 'Full bloom'
Sequim / Rain Shadow 1,906 'Full bloom'
Stage GDD32 Typical Window
'First bloom' BBCH '61' 838 ''
'Full bloom' BBCH '65' NOW 933 ''
Range: 580–720 GDD₃₂ (6yr)

Source: 'Master catalog (OSU), converted GDD50->GDD32 via Kent bloom-date mapping' About GDD₃₂ →

Season tracker for Kent / Auburn as of May 13, 2026. Predicted dates use 16-day weather forecast through May 29, 2026, then climate normals.

Diseases: Regionally Documented (53)

Witches'-broom (Cherry leaf curl) Verticillium dahliae Verticillium Wilt Stigmina carpophila Shothole (Coryneum Blight) Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) Prunus Necrotic Ringspot Multiple obligate biotrophic fungi (Erysiphales: Erysipha... Powdery Mildew Necrotic rusty mottle virus (uncharacterized) Necrotic rusty mottle Mottle leaf Little cherry virus-1 and Little cherry virus-2 Little Cherry Symptom category — not a single disease Leaf Spot Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae (bacterial canker complex) Dead Bud Cytospora spp. (Valsa spp., Leucostoma spp.) Cytospora Canker Rhizobium radiobacter (formerly Agrobacterium tumefaciens) Crown Gall Monilinia fructicola and M Brown Rot Blossom Blight and Fruit Rot Apiosporina morbosa Black Knot Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae Bacterial Canker Armillaria spp. — primarily A Armillaria Root Rot Plum pox virus (PPV) Plum Pox (Sharka) Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni Red Spot Fruit Blemish (Freckles) Stigmina carpophila or Diaporthe spp. Shothole Chondrostereum purpureum Silver Leaf Multiple Basidiomycete fungi cause wood decay in trees Wood Decay An uncharacterized Black Canker Cherry twisted leaf-associated virus Cherry Twisted Leaf Believed to Crinkle Leaf and Deep Suture Eola rasp Eola Rasp Leaf (Yellow Bud Mosaic) Although bacterial Fungal Cankers June Drop Grapevine leafroll virus Leafroll Uncharacterized graft Necrotic Rusty Mottle (Lambert Mottle) and Rusty Mottle Phytophthora spp. (P Phytophthora Root Rot Multiple fungal agents Pitting Many fungi Postharvest Rots Prune dwarf Prune Dwarf Cherry rasp Rasp Leaf Pythium spp., Phytophthora spp., Rhizoctonia spp., Fusari... Replant Disease This problem Rosette [VERIFY] (multiple possible causes) Rugose Several causes Stem Pitting Cherry leafroll virus (CLRV); complex with prune dwarf vi... Virus-induced Cherry Decline Raspberry bushy dwarf virus and related viruses Virus Candidatus Phytoplasma pruni X-Disease Taphrina deformans Leaf Curl Russeting Chrysomyxa piperiana Rusty Spot Split Pit Sprinkler Rot (Phytophthora Fruit Rot) Taphrina pruni Plum Pockets Multiple genera (Melampsoridium, Thekopsora, Naohidemyces... Rust Wilsonomyces carpophilus Coryneum blight (Shothole) Xiphinema americanum and related species Nematode, Dagger Mesocriconema spp Nematode, Ring Pratylenchus penetrans (primary) and P Nematode, Root-lesion Various plant-parasitic nematode genera Nematodes

Pests: Regionally Documented (31)

Cultivars (1)

'Canada Red'
Common name: Canada Red Chokecherry; Mature height: 20–25 ft
Hardy to USDA Zone 2
Data Maturity
Structured Multiple sources. Expert review underway.