Witches' Broom
Taphrina wiesneri
163 host plants · Fungal
Last updated
This profile synthesizes data from multiple published sources. Expert field review is in progress.
When you spot abnormal branch growth that resembles a broom or bird's nest on cherry, hazelnut, or juniper, you're likely seeing witches' broom. The infected branch produces many short, slender twigs packed densely together, creating a distinctive dense tuft that stands out against normal branching patterns. These brooms rarely set fruit and have fewer flowers than healthy branches. The base of the broom is swollen and thicker than the normal branch, making it easy to trace where the infection begins.
This disease is incurable once established in a branch, so your only real option is removal. Trace the main stem of the broom back to where it emerges from the normal branch, then cut at least 12 inches below that point to remove all infected tissue. Make the cut into healthy wood to prevent regrowth from an infected stump. Pruning out brooms early before they spread to new branches keeps the problem manageable and preserves tree structure and fruit production.
Quick Reference
Management
Bud swell through early growth stage (late February-March in western Washington). Single infection window per branch: 2-3 weeks during cool, wet spring when buds are swelling. Once infected, a branch remains permanently diseased and exhibits symptoms every spring. (Source: PNW Plant Disease Management Handbook)
Cool, wet spring weather (48-61°F) during bud swell triggers germination of overwintered ascospores and infection of branch tissue. Single, narrow infection window in spring. Once a branch is infected, no additional weather triggers needed — the fungus persists systemically in that branch indefinitely. (Source: Taphrina wiesneri phenology; PNW Plant Disease Management Handbook)
Cultural Controls
- Remove branches several inches below the base of the broom.
- Reference Booth, C. 1983.
- Exobasidium vaccinii.
- CMI Descriptions of Pathogenic Fungi and Bacteria, No. 778.
- Surrey, England: Commonwealth Mycological Institute.